Advances in Clinical Medicine
Vol.05 No.02(2015), Article ID:15568,2 pages
10.12677/ACM.2015.52023

Acute Appendicitis with Meckel’s Diverticulum Combined: 1 Case Report

Hong Liu1, Gang Chen1*, Xuemei Gan2

1Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Ganmei Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming Yunnan

2Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming Yunnan

Email: 1556853619@qq.com, *kmcg123@163.com

Received: Jun. 5th, 2015; accepted: Jun. 27th, 2015; published: Jun. 30th, 2015

Copyright © 2015 by authors and Hans Publishers Inc.

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY).

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

ABSTRACT

Appendicitis is one of the most common acute abdominal diseases of general surgery. It is not difficult to make the right diagnosis by its typical symptoms and physical signs. However, it is difficult to tell them from each other if patients combine with Meckel’s diverticulitis before operation. Once we make a diagnosis with appendicitis and ignore the conventional probe of the ileum, which may cause a second surgery because it merges Meckel’s diverticulitis or Meckel’s diverticulitis is recurred based on asymptomatic Meckel’s diverticulum after operation. Recently, we have found a case which the patient has suffered from acute appendicitis disease with Meckel’s diverticulum combined in clinical, now the report as follows.

Keywords:Appendicitis, Meckel’s Diverticulum

急性阑尾炎合并美克尔憩室1例报告

刘洪1,陈刚1*,甘雪梅2

1昆明医科大学附属甘美医院肝胆外科,云南 昆明

2昆明医科大学第一附属医院感染科,云南 昆明

Email: 1556853619@qq.com, *kmcg123@163.com

收稿日期:2015年6月5日;录用日期:2015年6月27日;发布日期:2015年6月30日

摘 要

阑尾炎是普外科最常见的急腹症之一,大多数患者因症状、体征典型,不难做出正确诊断,若患者合并Meckel憩室炎,则术前很难鉴别,术中一旦确诊阑尾炎,而忽略对回肠的常规探查,则可能导致因合并憩室炎或合并憩室术后复发憩室炎而导致再次手术,最近在临床中发现急性阑尾炎合并小肠憩室1例,现报道如下。

关键词 :阑尾炎,Meckel憩室

1. 临床资料

患者男性,22岁;因“右下腹痛9小时余”入院。查体:T:37.2℃;P:80次/分;R:20次/分;Bp:124/70 mmHg;右下腹压痛、反跳痛,局部肌紧张,全腹部未触及明显包块,Murphy(-),闭孔内肌试验(-),腰大肌试验(-),结肠充气试验(-),移动性浊音(-),双肾区叩击痛(-),肠鸣音4次/分。急诊腹部B超提示:右下腹腔内肠形盲管状结构,阑尾炎可能。血WBC:16.02 × 109/L;NEUT%:95.5%;初步诊断为:1) 急性阑尾炎;2) 急性局限性腹膜炎。完善相关辅助检查,急诊行阑尾切除术,手术取右下腹麦氏切口.进入腹腔后可见少量淡黄色渗液,用湿沙条蘸干,仔细寻找阑尾,证实阑尾为盲肠后位,尖端膨大,肿胀充血,阑尾中断表面有多量脓苔附着,术中诊断为:急性化脓性阑尾炎,遂行阑尾切除术。阑尾切除后常规探查距离回盲部1米的小肠,发现距离回盲部60 cm处可见一向肠外凸出的盲状袋,长约4 cm,基底部约为2 cm,与肠管相通,其表面有数个大小不等的凸起,表面无充血水肿,诊断为小肠憩室(见下图1所示)。遂行含憩室段小肠切除术、肠吻合术。标本送病检。用湿沙条蘸净腹腔后,于右下腹置橡胶引流管l根,关腹术毕。术后诊断:1) 急性化脓性阑尾炎;2) 小肠憩室;3) 急性局限性腹膜炎;术后予禁食水、留置胃管、抗炎,补液,对症等治疗。术后第二天出现低热,最高体温37.6℃,考虑术后吸收热所致,予以对症处理后体温降至正常;术后第3天开始排便,第4天拔出胃管,第5天拔出腹腔引流管,术后8天治愈出院。术后病理诊断提示:1) 急性化脓性阑尾炎;2) Meckel憩室。

Figure 1. Meckel’s diverticulum

图1. 美克尔憩室

2. 讨论

憩室又称先天性回肠末端憩室,正常生理情况下,胚胎发育早期卵黄管位于中原肠与卵黄管之间,于胚胎发育第5周开始退化、闭塞、消失,如脐端闭塞而肠端未闭,则形成Meckel憩室。1598年Fabricus首次报道了Meckel憩室这一疾病,最终由Hohann对它进行了系统地描述[1] [2] 。Meckel憩室常见于回肠末段10~100 cm处,其底开口于肠系膜缘对侧,有独立的血管供应,少数病人可有自憩室尖端连接于脐部或腹后壁的条索。Meckel憩室临床发生率较低,约为1%~3%,但有症状者仅占其中的4%,且男性约为女性2倍,年龄在2岁以内者居多[3] 。临床症状主要表现为脐周或右下腹痛,常伴有恶心、呕吐。腹部体格检查可发现右下腹或脐周有压痛、腹肌紧张,症状和体征与急性阑尾炎非常相似。常见并发症有憩室炎、出血、穿孔、肠梗阻,甚至肿瘤,其中以憩室炎最为常见[4] -[6] 。基于上述病变,且术前难于鉴别,一旦发现多主张切除。Mudatsakis等[7] 报道了一例急性阑尾炎合并Meckel的病人,术后憩室病检结果提示:类癌。所以认为当合并憩室时早期切除是有益的,因一旦切除可预防类癌的出现或进展。当Meckel憩室炎性病变与阑尾炎同时并存时,经验不足的医生往往仅满足于处理阑尾病变而很少考虑合并Meckel憩室炎的可能,而使病人面临再次手术,给病人造成不必要的痛苦和经济负担,甚至出现严重后果,因此在行阑尾切除术过程中,如发现阑尾虽有炎性病理大体改变,不能仅仅满足于处理阑尾病变,待阑尾病变处理完成后,还要探查至少100cm内的末端回肠,以免遗漏Meckel憩室病变。

3. 体会

本例患者提醒我们阑尾炎除了与常见的泌尿系结石、空腔脏器穿孔等疾病相鉴别,女性需与妇科疾病相鉴别外,还应考虑有相对少见的疾病,如溃疡性结肠炎、克隆恩病、Meckel憩室等。本例患者22岁,不是憩室的好发年龄,但是我们不能因为年龄因素而忽略对回肠常规探查这环节。患者急性阑尾炎合并小肠憩室诊断明确,但Meckel憩室炎不明显,术中“美克尔憩室”的发现仅为意外收获,一旦发现,我们常规行憩室段小肠切除、肠吻合术,从而避免术后憩室炎的发生。若本次手术仅满足于急性化脓性阑尾炎的诊断,不常规探查距离回肠末端100 cm的回肠,则会漏诊小肠憩室;一旦漏诊,憩室发展到一定程度,易继发炎症形成憩室炎或脓肿,可为病人造成二次手术和不必要的经济负担。可见当术中阑尾炎症不重,或即便是术中阑尾炎诊断明确时,我们都应常规行距离回盲部100 cm的仔细探查,这不失为减少漏诊小肠憩室或憩室炎的一种良策。

文章引用

刘 洪,陈 刚,甘雪梅, (2015) 急性阑尾炎合并美克尔憩室1例报告
Acute Appendicitis with Meckel’s Diverticulum Combined: 1 Case Report. 临床医学进展,02,128-130. doi: 10.12677/ACM.2015.52023

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