Advances in Clinical Medicine
Vol. 10  No. 05 ( 2020 ), Article ID: 35758 , 6 pages
10.12677/ACM.2020.105127

The Significance of Hematologic Indicators in the Prognosis of Patients with Advanced Lung Adenocarcinoma

Leirong Wang, Qianqian Jiang, Xiaorui Chi, Zhuang Yu

Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Shandong

Received: May 15th, 2020; accepted: May 19th, 2020; published: May 26th, 2020

ABSTRACT

Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the significance of hematologic indicators in the prognosis of patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma and to provide a basis for clinical prediction of the prognosis of patients. Methods: Patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma who visited our hospital for the first time were collected, and their basic information was also collected. The survival curve was drawn by Kaplan Meier method, and univariate and multivariate analyses were performed by COX proportional risk regression. Results: A total of 225 patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma were collected. Through analysis, it was concluded that fibrinogen and LDH were correlated with patients’ PFS and independent prognostic factors of patients’ PFS. Fibrinogen is associated with the patient’s OS. Conclusion: Fibrinogen and LDH are independent factors of PFS in patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma.

Keywords:Lung Adenocarcinoma, Prognosis, Hematological Indicators, Progression Free Survival, Overall Survival

血液学指标在晚期肺腺癌患者预后中的 意义

王镭蓉,姜倩倩,迟晓蕊,于壮

青岛大学附属医院肿瘤科,山东 青岛

收稿日期:2020年5月15日;录用日期:2020年5月19日;发布日期:2020年5月26日

摘 要

目的:本研究目的是探索血液学指标在晚期肺腺癌患者预后中的意义,为临床预测患者预后提供依据。方法:收集初次就诊于我院的晚期肺腺癌患者,并收集患者基本信息。用Kaplan Meier法绘制生存曲线,用COX比例风险回归进行单因素及多因素分析。结果:共收集225名晚期肺腺癌患者,通过分析得出纤维蛋白原、LDH与患者的PFS相关,同时也是患者PFS的独立预后因素。纤维蛋白原、NLR与患者的OS相关。结论:纤维蛋白原、LDH是晚期肺腺癌患者PFS的独立因素。

关键词 :肺腺癌,预后,血液学指标,无进展生存期,总生存期

Copyright © 2020 by author(s) and Hans Publishers Inc.

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY 4.0).

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

1. 引言

肺癌是世界上发病率和死亡率最高的恶性肿瘤,其中非小细胞肺癌占肺癌约占所有肺癌患者的85% [1]。非小细胞肺癌患者中,肺腺癌患者的发病人数占绝大多数,尽管随着诊断和治疗的不断发展,晚期肺腺癌患者的预后仍然不佳,因此迫切需要能有效预测晚期肺腺癌患者预后临床指标,来预测晚期肺腺癌患者的预后 [2]。本研究的目的是探讨血液学指标在晚期肺腺癌患者中预后的意义,以期为未来的临床工作提供指导。

2. 资料与方法

2.1. 纳入标准

1) 2009年1月至2015年12月在我院初次就诊;2) 经病理学及免疫组化确诊的IIIB至IV期肺腺癌患者;3) 驱动基因阴性;4) 一线采用培美曲塞联合铂类化疗。

2.2. 排除标准

1) 合并感染及感染相关疾病;2) 患有免疫系统相关疾病;3) 患有第二肿瘤;4) 严重的肝脏、肾脏及心脏功能不全;5) 临床资料不全;6) 患者未接受积极的抗肿瘤治疗。

2.3. 资料收集

收集患者的临床基本信息及治疗前1周的血液学数据,包括患者年龄、性别、肿瘤部位、分期、吸烟史、纤维蛋白原、白蛋白、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR)、血小板与淋巴细胞比值(PLR)。本研究获得当地伦理委员会的批准,经电话获得参与者或其家属的知情同意。

2.4. 统计方法

采用SPSS 20.0统计软件进行分析。计算所研究的血液学指标的平均值,并以平均值为界,将每个指标均分为两组。采用Kaplan Meier绘制患者PFS和OS的生存曲线。采用Cox比例风险回归模型进行单因素及多因素分析。P < 0.05为差异有统计学意义。

2.5. 病例随访

所有患者一线治疗均为培美曲塞联合铂类化疗,每两个周期化疗后进行全身评估。OS定义为从患者的肿瘤确诊时间到患者的死亡时间,PFS定义为从患者的肿瘤确诊到患者的疾病进展时间。通过电话、短信、电子病案系统等方式了解患者生存状况及总生存时间,随访日期截止于2018年11月1日,通过获得的数据计算得到患者的PFS及OS。

3. 结果

3.1. 患者的基本特征

本研究剔除脱落病例后,共收集了225名IIIB至IV期的肺腺癌患者,患者的临床基本特征如表1所示。

Table 1. Basic characteristics of patients

表1. 患者基本特征

3.2. 晚期肺腺癌患者的生存曲线

计算患者纤维蛋白原、白蛋白、LDH、NLR和PLR的平均值,分别为361.73、39.1、183.68、2.75和152.37,以平均值为界,将每个指标分为两组,并绘制生存曲线,晚期肺腺癌患者的PFS曲线及OS曲线如图1图2所示。

3.3. 晚期肺腺癌患者PFS和OS的单因素及多因素分析

单因素分析得知,患者纤维蛋白原(P = 0.017)、LDH (P = 0.016)与患者的PFS相关。纤维蛋白原(P = 0.012)、NLR (P = 0.031)与患者的OS相关。多因素分析得知,患者纤维蛋白原(P = 0.035)、LDH (P = 0.037)是患者PFS的独立预后因素。具体如表2表3所示。

Figure 1. PFS curves of patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma. (a) The relationship between fibrinogen and patients’ PFS (P = 0.017); (b) The relationship between albumin and patients’ PFS (P = 0.170); (c) The relationship between LDH and patients’ PFS (P = 0.016); (d) The relationship between NLR and patients’ PFS (P = 0.117); (e) The relationship between PLR and patients’ PFS (P = 0.991)

图1. 晚期肺腺癌患者的PFS曲线。(a) 纤维蛋白原与患者PFS的关系(P = 0.017);(b) 白蛋白与患者PFS的关系(P = 0.170);(c) LDH与患者PFS的关系(P = 0.016);(d) NLR与患者PFS的关系(P = 0.117);(e) PLR与患者PFS的关系(P = 0.991)

Figure 2. OS curves of patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma. (a) The relationship between fibrinogen and patients’ OS (P = 0.012); (b) The relationship between albumin and patients’ OS (P = 0.054); (c) The relationship between LDH and patients’ OS (P = 0.154); (d) The relationship between NLR and patients’ OS (P = 0.031); (e) The relationship between PLR and patients’ OS (P = 0.541)

图2. 晚期肺腺癌患者的OS曲线。(a) 纤维蛋白原与患者OS的关系(P = 0.012);(b) 白蛋白与患者OS的关系(P = 0.054);(c) LDH与患者OS的关系(P = 0.154);(d) NLR与患者OS的关系(P = 0.031);(e) PLR与患者OS的关系(P = 0.541)

Table 2. Univariate and multivariate analysis of PFS and clinical indicators in patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma

表2. 晚期肺腺癌患者PFS与临床指标的单因素和多因素分析

Table 3. Univariate and multivariate analysis of OS and clinical indicators in patients with advanced NSCLC

表3. 晚期NSCLC患者OS与临床指标的单因素和多因素分析

4. 讨论

尽管晚期肺腺癌患者经过积极的抗肿瘤治疗,如化疗,放疗,靶向治疗和免疫治疗,但是仍不可避免地出现复发和转移,最终导致治疗失败。本文的目的是研究晚期肺腺癌患者治疗前血液学指标与患者预后之间的关系,为临床指导肿瘤治疗、判断预后提供依据。

当前已有很多学者致力于研究恶性肿瘤与炎症之间的机制 [3],NLR和PLR作为肿瘤相关的炎症指标,已经被大量地报道过,并且已经被证实为肿瘤患者重要的预后因子 [4] [5]。LDH是一种典型的炎症标志物,与肿瘤负荷相关,由快速生长的肿瘤释放,高水平的LDH可能导致乳酸的过量产生和细胞外水空间的酸化,这有助于提高癌细胞的侵袭能力。最近的研究证实,在多种癌症类型中,治疗前血清中LDH水平升高与患者的预后不良相关。Zhang等 [6] 对1136名接受免疫治疗的NSCLC患者进行荟萃分析,得出治疗前LDH水平升高与患者PFS和OS的缩短相关,并且治疗前患者外周血中LDH的水平越高,PFS和OS越短。Sheng等 [7] 对567名患者的分析得出血清中的纤维蛋白原是可手术的NSCLC患者的独立预后因素。与纤维蛋白原水平正常的患者相比,纤维蛋白原升高的患者疾病进展风险和死亡风险更高。Yu等 [8] 通过对18项研究数据中包含的7219名肺癌患者的荟萃分析得出,治疗前外周血中升高的NLR与患者PFS和OS缩短相关。Toda等 [9] 收集了327名接受过手术治疗的NSCLC患者,通过分析得出PLR水平的升高与患者的不良预后有关,尤其在接受术后辅助化疗的NSCLC患者中,PLR升高的患者与PLR降低的患者相比,预后明显不佳。Yuan等 [10] 为阐明血常规指标与早期NSCLC患者之间的关系,对1466名患者进行了统计分析,分析得出NWR和MLR是早期NSCLC患者的独立预后因素。

已有大量的研究显示血液学指标与肺癌患者的预后息息相关。本研究收集了晚期肺腺癌患者的数据,并进行分析,通过分析得知纤维蛋白原和LDH是晚期患者PFS的独立预后因素,以期未来在临床上为预测肿瘤患者的预后提供新的依据。

我们的研究也有一定的局限性。首先,这项研究是在单个医疗中心进行的,收集的患者数量相对减少。因此,还需要大样本分析。其次,尽管我们采取了严格的纳入标准和排除标准,但晚期肺腺癌患者血液学指标会受多种因素的影响,在后续研究中应尽可能排除其它因素对血液的影响。

文章引用

王镭蓉,姜倩倩,迟晓蕊,于 壮. 血液学指标在晚期肺腺癌患者预后中的意义
The Significance of Hematologic Indicators in the Prognosis of Patients with Advanced Lung Adenocarcinoma[J]. 临床医学进展, 2020, 10(05): 828-833. https://doi.org/10.12677/ACM.2020.105127

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