Advances in Clinical Medicine
Vol. 10  No. 06 ( 2020 ), Article ID: 36213 , 6 pages
10.12677/ACM.2020.106164

The Effect of HIPK2 on Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in Mice

Yanan Zhang, Wencheng Yu

Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Shandong

Received: May 25th, 2020; accepted: Jun. 15th, 2020; published: Jun. 22nd, 2020

ABSTRACT

Objective: To explore the effect of HIPK2 on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice. Methods: A mouse model of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis was successfully constructed, and a stable overexpressing HIPK2 adenovirus vector was constructed. 15 mice were divided into Mock group, Ad-Control group, and Ad-HIPK2 group. HE Masson staining was performed on the lung tissue. The expression of mRNA and protein of HIPK2 and α-SMA were used RT-PCR, Western Blot method. Results: The expression of HIPK2 in Bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis mouse was down-regulated (P < 0.05), α-SMA expression up-regulated (P < 0.05), and the degree of fibrosis increased; overexpression of HIPK2 can inhibit fibroblast activation, down-regulate the expression of α-SMA (P < 0.05), and the degree of pulmonary fibrosis was reduced. Conclusion: HIPK2 deficiency plays an important role in the mechanism of pulmonary fibrosis. HIPK2 can inhibit the activation of fibroblasts and reduce pulmonary fibrosis.

Keywords:HIPK2, Pulmonary Fibrosis, Bleomycin, Mice

同源结构域相互作用蛋白激酶2 (HIPK2)对博来霉素诱导小鼠肺纤维化的影响

张亚楠,于文成

青岛大学附属医院呼吸与危重症医学科,山东 青岛

收稿日期:2020年5月25日;录用日期:2020年6月15日;发布日期:2020年6月22日

摘 要

目的:探讨HIPK2对博来霉素诱导的肺纤维化小鼠的影响。方法:成功构建博来霉素诱导的肺纤维化小鼠模型,构建稳定过表达HIPK2腺病毒载体,设为对照组、模型组和过表达HIPK2组,每组各5只,对肺组织进行HE和Masson染色,并用RT-PCR、Western Blot法测定肺组织中HIPK2和α-SMA含量。结果:博来霉素诱导肺纤维化小鼠模型中HIPK2表达下调(P < 0.05),α-SMA表达上调(P < 0.05),且纤维化程度加重;过表达HIPK2可抑制成纤维细胞的激活,使α-SMA表达下调(P < 0.05),且肺纤维化程度减轻。结论:HIPK2缺乏在肺纤维化机制中具有重要作用,HIPK2可抑制成纤维细胞的激活,减轻肺纤维化。

关键词 :同源结构域相互作用蛋白激酶2,肺纤维化,博来霉素,小鼠

Copyright © 2020 by author(s) and Hans Publishers Inc.

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY 4.0).

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

1. 引言

肺纤维化是一种慢性、进行性、致死性的肺间质疾病,其病因不明,且发病率逐年增加 [1],该病更常见于男性及吸烟患者,中位生存期平均3~5年,IPF患者的治疗选择有限,肺移植是唯一可以明显改善患者生存率的治疗方法 [2]。因此,探讨IPF的发病机制,寻找新的治疗靶点及针对新的靶点的治疗药物,是今后IPF研究的关键。同源结构域相互作用蛋白激酶-2 (HIPK2)是一种通过调节各种基因和信号分子,HIPK2的缺乏在成纤维细胞行为和IPF发病机理中具有重要作用 [3]。本实验建立博来霉素诱导肺纤维化小鼠模型,观察上调HIPK2对小鼠肺纤维化程度及间质标志物α-SMA的影响。

2. 材料和方法

2.1. 材料

8周龄的SPF级雄性C57BL/6小鼠,体重每只约20 g (北京中国医学科学院实验动物研究所提供);anti-HIPK2、anti-α-SMA、anti-GAPDH (Abcam,美国),本次动物实验获得青岛大学动物实验伦理委员会许可。

2.2. 方法

2.2.1. 构建腺病毒载体

合成和测序目的基因,对目的基因和载体进行连接,热休克法转化感受态大肠杆菌,取其中的单克隆菌落培养并提取质粒,在酶切后对其进行测序,成功构建pAdTrack-CMV/HIPK2、pAdTrack-U6/sh-HIPK2。纯化质粒并将重组腺病毒载体转染293A细胞并且大量扩增,建带有GFP示踪基因的Ad-HIPK2腺病毒载体,鉴定正确后进行扩增、浓缩纯化,并测定腺病毒的滴度,用于实验。

2.2.2. 构建动物模型

将15只C57小鼠,随机分3组,每组5只,具体分组情况如下:A:对照组(Mock组) B:模型组(Ad-control组) C:模型组+HIPK2过表达组(Ad-HIPK2组)。将70 uL博莱霉素溶液(浓度为1 mg/mL,剂量约为3.5 mg/kg)滴入小鼠气管进行肺纤维化造模,对照组使用等体积无菌生理盐水,常规SPF级动物房喂养。造模次日于小鼠尾静脉注射相应的腺病毒(5 × 109 PFU/只)。实验过程中观察小鼠饮食情况,于第7天处死实验小鼠,收集肺组织。

2.2.3. 模型纤维化评估

将固定24 h的肺组织常规脱水、透明、浸蜡、包埋,制作5 μm厚的连续切片,每片相距30 μm,用苏木精–伊红(HE)染色进行结构观察,用Masson染色检测胶原沉积,高倍镜下拍照,200×。于显微镜下观察肺组织纤维化程度。

2.2.4. RT-PCR测定肺组织HIPK2、α-SMA的含量

研磨肺组织、裂解、过滤并离心提取总RNA,并逆转录获得cDNA。荧光定量PCR扩增待检测基因和内参β-actin,使用表1所示的引物进行PCR反应。循环温度为:94℃ 4 min, 94℃ 30 s、56℃ 30 s、72℃ 30 s 40个循环。

Table 1. Primer sequences used for PCR analysis

表1. 用于PCR分析的引物序列

2.2.5. Western Blot检测肺组织中HIPK2、α-SMA的表达变化

RIPA裂解液裂解肺组织,收集总蛋白,BAC法测定各样品蛋白质浓度,SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳,PVDF膜转膜,2%的BSA中封闭,分别用anti-HIPK2、anti-α-SMA、anti-GAPDH孵育膜,辣根过氧化酶(HRP)标记的二抗(天津赛尔,中国)进行孵育,洗涤后用化学发光法显色,在暗室曝光并进行显影、定影处理,用Lab WorksTM凝胶成像及分析系统扫描所有胶片,分析各蛋白条带的亮度值,计算校正后的目的蛋白相对表达量。

Figure 1. Expression of HIPK2 in mice of each group. A: The expression of HIPK2 mRNA was detected by qPCR. B Western blot was used to detect the expression of HIPK2 protein. *: Compared with Ad-control group, p < 0.05, n = 5

图1. HIPK2在各组小鼠中的表达情况。A:通过qPCR检测HIPK2 mRNA表达。B Western blot 检测HIPK2蛋白表达。*:与Ad-control组相比,p < 0.05,n = 5

2.2.6. 统计学分析

采用SPSS 22.0统计软件,两组间均数的比较采用单因素方差分析的Dunnet事后比较,实验数据以 x ¯ ± s 表示,P < 0.05时差异有统计学意义。

3. 结果

3.1. HIPK2在肺纤维化小鼠体内低表达

RT-PCR和Western Blot检测显示(图1),与Mock组相比,HIPK2的mRNA和蛋白表达在博来霉素诱导的肺纤维化小鼠模型组中是低表达的;Ad-HIPK2组可稳定过表达HIPK2,p < 0.05,n = 5。

3.2. HIPK2能减轻博来霉素诱导小鼠肺纤维化程度

HE和Masson染色可见(图2),与Mock组相比,模型组肺纤维化程度加重;与模型组相比,HIPK2过表达组纤维化程度减轻。

Figure 2. HE and Masson staining of mouse lung tissue in each group, 200×

图2. 各组小鼠肺组织HE和Masson染色,200×

Figure 3. α-SMA expression in each group of mice. A: RT-PCR was used to detect α-SMA mRNA expression, and B: Western blot was used to detect α-SMA protein expression. *: Compared with Ad-control group, p < 0.05, n = 5

图3. α-SMA在各组小鼠中的表达情况。A:RT-PCR检测α-SMA mRNA表达,B:Western blot检测α-SMA蛋白表达。*:与Ad-control组相比,p < 0.05,n = 5

3.3. HIPK2能抑制成纤维细胞的活化

RT-PCR和Western Blot检测显示(图3),与Mock组相比,模型组中α-SMA的mRNA和蛋白表达增加;Ad-HIPK2组较模型组减少,p < 0.05,n = 5。

4. 讨论

目前认为肺纤维化的病理学过程表现为在各种致纤维化因素作用下,肺泡上皮细胞弥漫性损伤,激活成纤维细胞,大量分泌胶原纤维,胶原纤维等细胞外基质的异常沉积引起组织收缩,最终发展成为广泛的纤维化变化 [4] [5]。

同源结构域相互作用蛋白激酶2 (HIPK 2)是保守的丝氨酸/苏氨酸同源结构域相互作用激酶家族的一部分,是一种重要的转录辅助调节蛋白 [6] [7]。研究发现HIPK 2有多种功能,包括转录因子的共同调节、生长、发育、形态发生和细胞死亡的调控、肿瘤抑制和DNA损伤反应的调节 [8] [9]。HIPK在癌症和慢性纤维化中已成为有希望的药物靶点 [10]。研究发现,HIPK2通过调节促凋亡、促纤维化和促炎症通路,被认为是肾纤维化的重要驱动因素,可能是抗纤维药物的潜在靶点 [11]。尚有研究发现,HIPK2参与Sigma-1受体在二氧化硅致纤维化中的调控作用 [12]。对于HIPK2在博来霉素诱导的肺纤维化模型小鼠中研究较少。

我们构建了博来霉素诱导的肺纤维化小鼠模型,证明HIPK2在纤维化肺组织中是低表达的;同时构建稳定过表达HIPK2的腺病毒载体,通过染色发现转染该载体的小鼠肺组织肺纤维化程度较模型组减轻,且其间质标志物α-SMA表达下降,说明过表达HIPK2能抑制成纤维细胞的活化。我们的研究与Ricci等人相符,其证实IPF人成纤维细胞HIPK2表达降低,认为肺成纤维细胞中HIPK2基因的缺失可能会抑制P53的活化,从而促进了肺成纤维细胞的凋亡,促进肺纤维化的发生 [3]。我们从体内实验明确了HIPK2在纤维化肺组织内的表达情况,并证实过表达HIPK2可减轻肺纤维化。下一步,我们将设立体外实验进一步探究HIPK2减轻肺纤维化的具体机制,为治疗提供更新的靶点。

文章引用

张亚楠,于文成. 同源结构域相互作用蛋白激酶2 (HIPK2)对博来霉素诱导小鼠肺纤维化的影响
The Effect of HIPK2 on Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in Mice[J]. 临床医学进展, 2020, 10(06): 1091-1096. https://doi.org/10.12677/ACM.2020.106164

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