<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20241031//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-4.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.4" xml:lang="zh">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ap</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Advances in Psychology</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2160-7281</issn>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">2160-7273</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>汉斯出版社</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.12677/ap.2026.164177</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">ap-139225</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group>
          <subject>Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group>
          <subject>人文社科</subject>
          <subject>合作期刊</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>自然阅读中的眼动过程和神经基础</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
          <trans-title>Eye Movement Processes and Neural Basis of Natural Reading</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>杭</surname>
            <given-names>若凌</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>韩</surname>
            <given-names>佳妤</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>徐</surname>
            <given-names>艺嘉</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>周</surname>
            <given-names>晞羽</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1"><label>1</label> 天津师范大学心理学部，天津 </aff>
      <aff id="aff2"><label>2</label> 天津师范大学心理与行为研究院，教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地，天津 </aff>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>01</day>
        <month>04</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date pub-type="collection">
        <month>04</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>16</volume>
      <issue>04</issue>
      <fpage>86</fpage>
      <lpage>93</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>04</day>
          <month>03</month>
          <year>2026</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>22</day>
          <month>03</month>
          <year>2026</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="published">
          <day>08</day>
          <month>04</month>
          <year>2026</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>© 2026 Hans Publishers Inc. All rights reserved.</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
        <license license-type="open-access">
          <license-p> This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link> ). </license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <self-uri content-type="doi" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.12677/ap.2026.164177">https://doi.org/10.12677/ap.2026.164177</self-uri>
      <abstract>
        <p>自然阅读是一种兼具高生态效度与复杂认知需求的语言加工活动。眼动追踪技术长期以来是探索阅读实时动态过程的核心手段，首次注视时间、回视路径时长等眼动指标为研究者提供了从外部行为推断内部认知加工阶段的系统框架。功能磁共振成像研究进一步揭示了自然阅读的神经网络基础，涵盖负责正字法编码与语义提取的腹侧通路、支撑句法分析与篇章整合的左侧额颞网络，以及调控视觉扫描行为的通用眼动控制网络。近年来，眼动与fMRI联合范式通过将注视点作为内部事件标记，实现了自然阅读情境下眼动行为与脑区激活之间实时对应关系的直接考察，在词汇效应神经机制的探究中展现出独特优势。然而，特定眼动指标背后的微观神经机制尚未得到充分阐明，“指标–加工”对应关系的神经实证仍是该领域亟待深入的核心议题。</p>
      </abstract>
      <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>Natural reading is a language processing activity characterized by high ecological validity and complex cognitive demands. Eye-tracking has long served as the primary tool for investigating the real-time dynamics of reading, and a range of eye movement metrics—such as first fixation duration and regression path duration—have provided a systematic framework for inferring internal cognitive processing stages from overt oculomotor behavior. Complementary fMRI research has delineated the neural network architecture supporting natural reading, encompassing the ventral stream for orthographic and semantic processing, a left-lateralized fronto-temporal network for syntactic and discourse-level integration, and a domain-general oculomotor control network regulating visual scanning. More recently, combined eye-tracking and fMRI paradigms, which treat individual fixations as internal event markers, have enabled direct examination of brain-behavior correspondences during natural reading, yielding unique insights into the neural mechanisms underlying lexical effects. Nevertheless, the fine-grained neural substrates of specific eye movement metrics remain insufficiently characterized, and establishing direct neural evidence for the mapping between metrics and cognitive processing stages represents a central challenge for the field.</p>
      </trans-abstract>
      <kwd-group kwd-group-type="author-generated" xml:lang="zh">
        <kwd>自然阅读</kwd>
        <kwd>眼动指标</kwd>
        <kwd>功能磁共振成像</kwd>
        <kwd>眼动-fMRI联合范式</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group kwd-group-type="author-generated" xml:lang="en">
        <kwd>Natural Reading</kwd>
        <kwd>Eye Movement Metrics</kwd>
        <kwd>fMRI</kwd>
        <kwd>Combined Eye-Tracking and fMRI Paradigm</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <funding-group>
        <funding-statement>基金项目 科研立项经费支持 天津国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目资助(项目编号：202510065023)。</funding-statement>
      </funding-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <sec id="sec1">
      <title>1. 引言</title>
      <p>阅读作为人类获取信息最核心的高阶认知活动之一，涵盖了从视觉编码、正字法分析、语音提取到语义激活及句法整合等一系列复杂而快速的心理过程([<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B25">25</xref>])。传统的序列视觉呈现范式(serial visual presentation, SVP)通常将语言材料逐词或逐句零散呈现；相比之下，自然阅读以整句或篇章的形式一次性呈现文本，这种自定步调的阅读方式极大提升了研究的生态效度。自然阅读不仅要求视觉系统的高效运作，还需要语言认知系统的深度协同([<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref>])。</p>
      <p>在长期的行为研究中，研究者主要借助眼动追踪技术探索阅读的实时动态过程。通过记录被试的眼动轨迹，研究者区分出了一系列眼动指标并赋予其特定的认知含义。例如，首次注视时间(first fixation duration, FFD)通常被视为词汇识别早期阶段的指标，主要反映正字法加工与初步的语义通达；而回视路径时间(regression path duration, RPD)则更多与语义整合及句法分析等晚期加工阶段相关([<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B26">26</xref>]; [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>])。主流眼动控制模型，如E-Z Reader模型([<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B28">28</xref>])与SWIFT模型([<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref>])，进一步将上述指标形式化，构建了“眼动指标–认知阶段”的系统对应关系。这些理论框架极大推进了我们对阅读本质的理解，使研究者得以通过外部眼动行为推断个体内部的认知进程。</p>
      <p>随着认知神经科学的发展，功能磁共振成像(functional magnetic resonance imaging, fMRI)等技术已深入揭示了阅读的大脑网络机制。已有充分的研究证据表明，自然阅读依赖于负责词汇识别的腹侧视觉通路(ventral stream，如视觉词形区VWFA)与负责眼动注意控制的背侧通路(dorsal stream，如FEF、IPS)之间的动态交互([<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B24">24</xref>]; [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B39">39</xref>]; [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B37">37</xref>])。近年来，为更全面地揭示自然阅读机制，多项研究尝试将fMRI与眼动追踪技术联合使用([<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>]; [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">15</xref>]; [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B33">33</xref>]; [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B38">38</xref>])。这种多模态同步记录方法弥补了单一行为学或单一脑成像技术的局限，使研究者能够在高空间分辨率下直接观察自然阅读状态下的脑区激活，并实时考察眼动行为与特定神经网络之间的动态联系。</p>
      <p>鉴于此，本文将系统综述自然阅读过程中眼动指标的认知解释及其神经基础，梳理眼动与功能性核磁共振成像联合范式下的阅读研究进展，旨在深化对自然阅读情境中“眼–脑”协同机制的理解，并就未来研究方向展开探讨。</p>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec2">
      <title>2. 眼动指标的认知解释</title>
      <p>自然阅读是一个由快速眼跳(saccade)与相对静止的注视(fixation)交替构成的动态过程。由于视觉信息的获取主要发生在注视期间，注视时长及视线的进退模式被视为内在认知加工过程的直接外化([<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B25">25</xref>])。为量化这一过程，研究者界定了一系列眼动指标。根据主流实证研究，这些指标通常被划分为早期指标与晚期指标，分别对应从基础词汇识别到高阶语义整合的不同认知阶段([<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>])。</p>
      <sec id="sec2dot1">
        <title>2.1. 早期眼动指标</title>
        <p>早期眼动指标主要用于探测词汇识别初期的认知加工，涵盖正字法分析([<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B30">30</xref>])、语音激活([<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B17">17</xref>]) 及初步的语义通达([<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B34">34</xref>]; [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20">20</xref>])。这一阶段最核心的指标为首次注视时间与单次注视时间。</p>
        <p>首次注视时间(first fixation duration, FFD)是指眼睛首次进入某一兴趣区时的注视时长，不论该词此后是否被再次注视。单次注视时间(single fixation duration, SFD)则更为严格，仅统计第一遍阅读中只被注视一次的词的注视时长。二者在敏感性上存在差异：FFD对多类言语属性均反应敏感，包括词汇特征(词频、词长、可预测性等)、正字法特征、语音特性及语境信息；SFD则受词汇层面特征影响较大，对正字法及语境等高层特征的敏感性相对有限。基于这一差异，当研究者希望聚焦于词汇通达本身(如考察词频或词长效应)时，SFD因排除了再注视数据的干扰而更为纯粹；当研究者需要探测更广泛的早期加工特征(如正字法规律性或语境预测性效应)时，则更多采用FFD ([<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>])。值得注意的是，FFD混淆了兴趣区内单次注视与多次注视两种情形，而这两种情境下的加工性质并不相同；SFD虽规避了这一问题，但当兴趣区再注视频率较高时，可用数据量将大幅减少，可能影响统计效力。二者的共同表现在于：低频词的FFD与SFD均显著长于高频词，表明词汇通达难度在识别早期即已开始调节眼球运动。因此，这两个指标通常被视为反映词汇早期通达过程的核心测量，研究者应结合具体研究问题和数据特点加以选择。</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec2dot2">
        <title>2.2. 晚期眼动指标</title>
        <p>当读者在词汇通达遇到困难，或在句法分析、语义整合阶段检测到错误时，往往需要重新加工先前的文本，这一过程通过晚期眼动指标来体现。</p>
        <p>回视路径时长(regression path duration, RPD)是衡量句子层面整合过程的关键指标，指从注视点首次进入目标词起，至注视点落于目标词右侧区域止，这一时间段内所有注视时长的总和。该指标不仅涵盖读者在目标词上的加工时间，还包含向左回视以重读前文的时间。现代心理语言学研究表明，RPD对句子理解中的语义整合困难及预测误差尤为敏感([<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B35">35</xref>])。例如，[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B27">27</xref>]在探究语义预激活的研究中发现，当目标词严重违背语境预期或存在语义冲突时，读者的RPD显著延长，反映了其在检测到预测失误或理解困难后主动发起回视、重提前文线索以解决认知冲突的努力([<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B36">36</xref>])。</p>
        <p>第二遍阅读时间(second-pass reading time, SPRT)指注视点离开目标区域后再次返回该区域的注视时长总和，是反映晚期结构再分析与篇章连贯性监控的典型指标([<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref>])。总注视时长(total fixation duration, TFD)则为目标区域所有注视时长的总和，整合了早期词汇识别与晚期重读所产生的加工时间，是反映整体认知负荷最为全面的综合性指标([<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18">18</xref>])。</p>
      </sec>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec3">
      <title>3. 眼动的神经基础</title>
      <p>无论是阅读有意义的文本，还是扫描无意义的假词串，大脑均需调动一套通用的神经回路以引导视觉注意转移并规划眼球运动。这一系统被称为通用眼动控制网络，其核心节点包括额叶眼动区(FEF)、顶内沟(IPS)和辅助眼动区(SEF) ([<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B23">23</xref>]; [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref>]; [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16">16</xref>])。</p>
      <p>[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref>]采用fMRI技术记录被试在自然阅读、辅音串阅读及伪词阅读三种条件下的大脑活动，结果发现FEF、IPS和SEF在三种任务中均被显著激活。[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16">16</xref>]的研究也支持这一观点。他们利用fMRI对比了被试在阅读正常句子、词表、假词及Landolt句子(所有字母均由圆圈符号替代，仅保留视觉空间结构)四种条件下的脑激活差异。通过联合分析(conjunction analysis)，研究者识别出一个通用的注视网络，该网络在所有条件下均表现出稳定激活。其核心节点涵盖双侧额中回与前中央沟(延伸至负责眼跳控制的BA 6区，即FEF所在区域)、辅助运动区(SMA，对应SEF功能区)以及顶下小叶。上述发现从神经生理层面证实，即便在完全剥离正字法、语义及句法信息的情况下，大脑仍需依赖这一核心眼动回路来规划和引导视觉扫描行为。</p>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec4">
      <title>4. 自然阅读的神经基础</title>
      <p>自然阅读不仅依赖于对眼动空间控制与注意分配的精确规划，更涉及复杂的词汇语义通达及深层句法整合过程。近年来，为了提升阅读fMRI研究的生态效度，越来越多的研究者打破传统单字呈现范式的局限，在模拟真实阅读的情境下进一步揭示语言理解网络的神经机制([<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref>])。</p>
      <sec id="sec4dot1">
        <title>4.1. 语义通达的神经通路</title>
        <p>当视觉输入包含语言信息时，大脑腹侧通路被激活，负责将视觉特征映射为正字法、语音和语义表征。这一过程主要涉及枕颞皮层及外侧颞叶的核心区域。</p>
        <p>视觉词形区(visual word form area, VWFA)位于左侧枕颞区，被认为是阅读网络中与书面词形加工密切相关的关键区域。Dehaene &amp; Cohen (2011)指出，VWFA在不同个体和不同文字系统中的位置较为稳定，并且对大小写变化、手写与印刷体差异以及字母组合频率等正字法特征表现出敏感性，这些发现支持其在视觉正字法加工中的重要作用。与此同时，作者也强调，VWFA并不是一个完全孤立、只处理文字的模块：它仍会对其他视觉类别产生反应，其功能形成还受到与语言区连接以及自上而下语言因素的影响，在某些口语任务中也可以被选择性招募。[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B33">33</xref>]在联合眼动的阅读fMRI实验中，要求被试在自然节奏下执行句子默读理解任务，结果发现VWFA的激活受到词频的调节：低频词比高频词诱发了更强的VWFA激活。这表明该区域不仅参与初步的字形视觉编码，还可能具有存储抽象词汇单元的功能，是更高阶语言网络的组成部分。</p>
        <p>词汇信息的提取与语义表征的激活主要依赖由左侧颞中回(middle temporal gyrus, MTG)和颞上沟(superior temporal sulcus, STS)构成的外侧颞叶网络。[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref>]的元分析确立了MTG在语义存储与提取中的核心地位。[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B29">29</xref>]通过对比被试在处理阅读材料(真词、假词)与非阅读材料(线条串、希伯来语字符串)时的脑激活差异，发现左侧MTG和STS仅在处理具有语义内容的真实词汇时表现出强烈激活，而在处理无意义假词串时则相对抑制，反映了这一网络在语义提取与整合中的重要作用。</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="sec4dot2">
        <title>4.2. 句法与整合网络</title>
        <p>自然阅读不仅是识别单个词汇，更是将词汇整合为句法结构并构建篇章意义的过程。这一过程主要涉及左侧额下回(left inferior frontal gyrus, LIFG，即Broca区)与前颞叶(anterior temporal lobe, ATL)。</p>
        <p>LIFG 在句法分析和语义整合中发挥核心作用。[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref>]的综述指出，LIFG通过背侧通路与颞叶语言区相连，专门负责处理复杂的层级句法结构。[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">14</xref>]在其“记忆–整合–控制”(memory, unification, and control, MUC)模型中进一步将LIFG界定为“整合空间”(unification space)，认为其功能在于将从记忆中提取的词汇单元实时整合，构建连贯的句子结构。在自然阅读的实证研究中，[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">15</xref>]考察了词可预测性对脑激活的影响，发现当读者遇到句法上不可预测的词时，LIFG的激活强度显著增强，表明该区域持续监控句法结构的在线构建，并在预测失败或结构分析受阻时启动重新分析过程。</p>
        <p>ATL作为语义整合的枢纽，负责将当前的词汇意义整合到更宏大的句子或篇章背景中([<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B22">22</xref>])。在语义结合的词语层面，[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref>]的脑磁研究发现，当被试进行基础的概念组合(如将“红色的”与“船”结合)时，ATL表现出特异性的神经激活，证实了其在概念组合加工中的核心作用。在宏观的句子理解层面，[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref>]的fMRI研究要求被试阅读由不同大小成分构成的词语序列(从单个词到完整句子)，结果发现，ATL区域的激活强度随序列成分规模的增大而系统性地升高，且这一效应仅在序列包含真实词汇时出现，替换为无意义伪词后消失。这表明ATL并非孤立处理单个词义，而是在阅读过程中持续将当前词汇的语义整合进更大的句法与篇章结构之中。</p>
      </sec>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec5">
      <title>5. 眼动和核磁的联合</title>
      <p>基于注视编码的fMRI分析技术(fixation-related fMRI analysis, FRA)是眼动与核磁共振同步采集的核心方法之一。在传统的事件相关分析中，单一刺激通常被视为一个独立事件，其驱动因素主要来自外部——即刺激的呈现时刻。相比之下，该方法将阅读过程中的每个注视点作为事件标记，所对应的事件实质上是由大脑内部自发产生的，包括扫视与注视的交替过程。在自然阅读情境下，被试能够按照自身节奏自主获取信息，每个注视点的持续时间与空间位置均与特定的认知加工阶段精准对应。该技术的核心优势在于时间同步精度：借助眼动仪与fMRI的时间锁定机制，能够精确捕捉从注视触发到脑区激活的完整神经动态。目前，这一方法在眼动与核磁共振同步记录领域已相对成熟([<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19">19</xref>])。</p>
      <p>当前大多数同步采集研究主要用于探究自然阅读过程中词频效应、词长效应及词可预测性等效应的神经基础([<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B33">33</xref>]; [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref>]; [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">15</xref>]; [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref>]; [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B32">32</xref>])。例如，[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B33">33</xref>]让被试在核磁共振扫描仪中完成自定节奏的句子阅读任务，同步记录眼动轨迹，结果发现，就首次注视而言，双侧枕叶区域(包括舌回)及右侧距状裂皮层的激活随词长增加而增强；脑干对词长则呈现出倒“U”型调节模式：该区域对6~7个字母的单词反应最弱，而对短词(少于5个字母)和长词(多于9个字母)的反应则显著增强，反映了6~7个字母可能是阅读加工的“最适词长”。[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref>]同样采用该方法考察了词频效应的神经基础，结果发现，在自然文本阅读中，高频词在角回和前颞叶等语义区域诱发了更强的激活，反映了更深层的语义整合加工；而低频词在额叶等区域引发的激活负载显著低于单字实验条件，表明语境线索有效补偿了生僻词的识别成本。这些发现共同表明，在自然阅读中大脑更侧重于意义的构建与整合，而非单纯的文字解码。</p>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec6">
      <title>6. 小结及展望</title>
      <p>尽管当前研究已对阅读眼动指标的认知含义及宏观神经网络进行了深入阐释，但针对特定眼动指标微观神经基础的探索仍处于起步阶段。长期以来，眼动指标与认知加工间的映射关系主要基于行为层面的先验假设，即默认特定的时间窗口或注视模式对应相应的认知阶段。然而，这种“指标–加工”的一致性往往缺乏直接的神经生理学证据。由于眼动行为不仅反映高级认知过程，还受到动眼神经回路固有节律和低级视觉特征的深度调控，单纯依赖行为数据往往难以剥离这些非认知因素的影响。以回视(regression)为例，行为层面的多义性导致其驱动机制难以界定。信息获取模型(information-gathering framework)认为，当读者遭遇语义整合困难时，会通过自上而下的机制主动发起回视以重新编码信息([<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B36">36</xref>])；而也有眼动控制研究则指出，大量回视实际上源于动眼系统的定位误差(如眼跳过冲或欠冲)引发的快速机械修正，与高级语言加工并无直接关联([<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B31">31</xref>]; [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref>])。这种行为表现的“同果异因”现象，使得仅凭眼动记录很难区分一次注视行为究竟源于“语言理解网络”的自上而下调控，还是源于“眼动控制网络”的自下而上反馈。</p>
      <p>鉴于此，未来研究可从以下几个方向推进。第一，可基于各眼动指标的操作性定义，系统提取自然阅读中不同眼动指标对应的注视事件序列，结合多种神经成像技术直接考察各类眼动指标所对应的特异性脑网络。第二，针对驱动机制存在争议的指标(如回视)，可通过操纵诱发条件(如语义违反与低级视觉干扰)，在神经层面区分认知驱动与动眼系统机械修正两类过程。第三，将眼动指标的个体差异与神经影像数据相结合，有助于检验现有认知解释的跨个体普适性，并进一步揭示阅读能力差异的神经基础。</p>
      <p>本文系统梳理了自然阅读过程中眼动指标的认知内涵与神经基础，并综述了眼动与fMRI联合范式下的研究进展。现有证据表明，眼动行为与大脑语言网络、眼动控制网络之间存在紧密的动态联系，而多模态联合技术正为深化这一理解提供日益有力的方法支撑。然而，特定眼动指标与认知加工阶段之间的神经对应关系仍有待系统厘清，这也构成了该领域在方法与理论层面共同面临的核心挑战。</p>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec7">
      <title>基金项目</title>
      <p>天津国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目资助(项目编号：202510065023)。</p>
    </sec>
    <sec id="sec8">
      <title>致 谢</title>
      <p>本研究的完成凝聚了许多人的心血与支持。首先感谢吴俊杰老师在选题确立、报告修改及逻辑梳理各个环节的耐心陪伴与悉心指引，每一次讨论都让我对研究有了更清晰的认识与把握。感谢辛平平学姐和钱丞瑶学姐在方法与技术上的倾力相授，为本文的研究方法提供了重要支撑。感谢刘倩铭学姐、王启萍学姐以及课题组全体成员在项目各阶段给予的建议与助力，使这项研究得以持续深化与推进。谨此向所有贡献者致以最诚挚的谢意。</p>
    </sec>
  </body>
  <back>
    <ref-list>
      <title>References</title>
      <ref id="B1">
        <label>1.</label>
        <citation-alternatives>
          <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">闫国利, 熊建萍, 桑标, 白学军(2013). 阅读研究中的眼动指标评析. <italic>心理科学进展</italic><italic>, 21(4),</italic> 589-605.</mixed-citation>
          <element-citation publication-type="journal">
            <person-group person-group-type="author">
              <string-name>闫国利</string-name>
              <string-name>熊建萍</string-name>
              <string-name>桑标</string-name>
              <string-name>白学军(2013)</string-name>
            </person-group>
            <year>2013</year>
            <volume>21</volume>
            <issue>4</issue>
          </element-citation>
        </citation-alternatives>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B2">
        <label>2.</label>
        <citation-alternatives>
          <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">周蔚(2017). 自然阅读的脑成像研究及其与眼动技术结合. <italic>心理科学进展</italic><italic>, 25(10),</italic> 1656-1663.</mixed-citation>
          <element-citation publication-type="journal">
            <person-group person-group-type="author">
              <string-name>周蔚(2017)</string-name>
            </person-group>
            <year>2017</year>
            <volume>25</volume>
            <issue>10</issue>
          </element-citation>
        </citation-alternatives>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B3">
        <label>3.</label>
        <citation-alternatives>
          <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Baccino, T., &amp; Manunta, Y. (2005). Eye-Fixation-Related Potentials: Insight into Parafoveal Processing. <italic>Journal</italic><italic>of</italic><italic>Psychophysiology,</italic><italic>19,</italic> 204-215. https://doi.org/10.1027/0269-8803.19.3.204 <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1027/0269-8803.19.3.204</pub-id><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1027/0269-8803.19.3.204">https://doi.org/10.1027/0269-8803.19.3.204</ext-link></mixed-citation>
          <element-citation publication-type="journal">
            <person-group person-group-type="author">
              <string-name>Baccino, T.</string-name>
              <string-name>Manunta, Y.</string-name>
            </person-group>
            <year>2005</year>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1027/0269-8803.19.3.204</pub-id>
          </element-citation>
        </citation-alternatives>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B4">
        <label>4.</label>
        <citation-alternatives>
          <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Bemis, D. K., &amp; Pylkkänen, L. (2011). Simple Composition: A Magnetoencephalography Investigation into the Comprehension of Minimal Linguistic Phrases. <italic>The</italic><italic>Journal</italic><italic>of</italic><italic>Neuroscience,</italic><italic>31,</italic> 2801-2814. https://doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.5003-10.2011 <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1523/jneurosci.5003-10.2011</pub-id><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">21414902</pub-id><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.5003-10.2011">https://doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.5003-10.2011</ext-link></mixed-citation>
          <element-citation publication-type="journal">
            <person-group person-group-type="author">
              <string-name>Bemis, D.</string-name>
            </person-group>
            <year>2011</year>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1523/jneurosci.5003-10.2011</pub-id>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">21414902</pub-id>
          </element-citation>
        </citation-alternatives>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B5">
        <label>5.</label>
        <citation-alternatives>
          <mixed-citation publication-type="other">Binder, J. R., Desai, R. H., Graves, W. W., &amp; Conant, L. L. (2009). Where Is the Semantic System? A Critical Review and Meta-Analysis of 120 Functional Neuroimaging Studies. <italic>Cerebral</italic><italic>Cortex,</italic><italic>19,</italic> 2767-2796. https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhp055 <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1093/cercor/bhp055</pub-id><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">19329570</pub-id><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhp055">https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhp055</ext-link></mixed-citation>
          <element-citation publication-type="other">
            <person-group person-group-type="author">
              <string-name>Binder, J.</string-name>
              <string-name>Desai, R.</string-name>
              <string-name>Graves, W.</string-name>
              <string-name>Conant, L.</string-name>
            </person-group>
            <year>2009</year>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1093/cercor/bhp055</pub-id>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">19329570</pub-id>
          </element-citation>
        </citation-alternatives>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B6">
        <label>6.</label>
        <citation-alternatives>
          <mixed-citation publication-type="other">Bonhage, C. E., Mueller, J. L., Friederici, A. D., &amp; Fiebach, C. J. (2015). Combined Eye Tracking and fMRI Reveals Neural Basis of Linguistic Predictions during Sentence Comprehension. <italic>Cortex,</italic><italic>68,</italic> 33-47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2015.04.011 <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.cortex.2015.04.011</pub-id><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">26003489</pub-id><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2015.04.011">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2015.04.011</ext-link></mixed-citation>
          <element-citation publication-type="other">
            <person-group person-group-type="author">
              <string-name>Bonhage, C.</string-name>
              <string-name>Mueller, J.</string-name>
              <string-name>Friederici, A.</string-name>
              <string-name>Fiebach, C.</string-name>
            </person-group>
            <year>2015</year>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.cortex.2015.04.011</pub-id>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">26003489</pub-id>
          </element-citation>
        </citation-alternatives>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B7">
        <label>7.</label>
        <citation-alternatives>
          <mixed-citation publication-type="other">Choi, W., Desai, R. H., &amp; Henderson, J. M. (2014). The Neural Substrates of Natural Reading: A Comparison of Normal and Nonword Text Using Eyetracking and fMRI. <italic>Frontiers</italic><italic>in</italic><italic>Human</italic><italic>Neuroscience,</italic><italic>8,</italic> Article No. 1024. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2014.01024 <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3389/fnhum.2014.01024</pub-id><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">25566039</pub-id><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2014.01024">https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2014.01024</ext-link></mixed-citation>
          <element-citation publication-type="other">
            <person-group person-group-type="author">
              <string-name>Choi, W.</string-name>
              <string-name>Desai, R.</string-name>
              <string-name>Henderson, J.</string-name>
            </person-group>
            <year>2014</year>
            <elocation-id>No</elocation-id>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3389/fnhum.2014.01024</pub-id>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">25566039</pub-id>
          </element-citation>
        </citation-alternatives>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B8">
        <label>8.</label>
        <citation-alternatives>
          <mixed-citation publication-type="other">Cop, U., Dirix, N., Drieghe, D., &amp; Duyck, W. (2017). Presenting GECO: An Eyetracking Corpus of Monolingual and Bilingual Sentence Reading. <italic>Behavior</italic><italic>Research</italic><italic>Methods,</italic><italic>49,</italic> 602-615. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-016-0734-0 <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3758/s13428-016-0734-0</pub-id><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">27193157</pub-id><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-016-0734-0">https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-016-0734-0</ext-link></mixed-citation>
          <element-citation publication-type="other">
            <person-group person-group-type="author">
              <string-name>Cop, U.</string-name>
              <string-name>Dirix, N.</string-name>
              <string-name>Drieghe, D.</string-name>
              <string-name>Duyck, W.</string-name>
            </person-group>
            <year>2017</year>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3758/s13428-016-0734-0</pub-id>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">27193157</pub-id>
          </element-citation>
        </citation-alternatives>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B9">
        <label>9.</label>
        <citation-alternatives>
          <mixed-citation publication-type="other">Dehaene, S., &amp; Cohen, L. (2011). The Unique Role of the Visual Word Form Area in Reading. <italic>Trends</italic><italic>in</italic><italic>Cognitive</italic><italic>Sciences,</italic><italic>15,</italic> 254-262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2011.04.003 <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.tics.2011.04.003</pub-id><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">21592844</pub-id><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2011.04.003">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2011.04.003</ext-link></mixed-citation>
          <element-citation publication-type="other">
            <person-group person-group-type="author">
              <string-name>Dehaene, S.</string-name>
              <string-name>Cohen, L.</string-name>
            </person-group>
            <year>2011</year>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.tics.2011.04.003</pub-id>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">21592844</pub-id>
          </element-citation>
        </citation-alternatives>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B10">
        <label>10.</label>
        <citation-alternatives>
          <mixed-citation publication-type="other">Desai, R. H., Choi, W., &amp; Henderson, J. M. (2020). Word Frequency Effects in Naturalistic Reading. <italic>Language,</italic><italic>Cognition</italic><italic>and</italic><italic>Neuroscience,</italic><italic>35,</italic> 583-594. https://doi.org/10.1080/23273798.2018.1527376 <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1080/23273798.2018.1527376</pub-id><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">33015218</pub-id><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1080/23273798.2018.1527376">https://doi.org/10.1080/23273798.2018.1527376</ext-link></mixed-citation>
          <element-citation publication-type="other">
            <person-group person-group-type="author">
              <string-name>Desai, R.</string-name>
              <string-name>Choi, W.</string-name>
              <string-name>Henderson, J.</string-name>
              <string-name>Language, C</string-name>
            </person-group>
            <year>2020</year>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1080/23273798.2018.1527376</pub-id>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">33015218</pub-id>
          </element-citation>
        </citation-alternatives>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B11">
        <label>11.</label>
        <citation-alternatives>
          <mixed-citation publication-type="other">Engbert, R., Nuthmann, A., Richter, E. M., &amp; Kliegl, R. (2005). SWIFT: A Dynamical Model of Saccade Generation during Reading. <italic>Psychological</italic><italic>Review,</italic><italic>112,</italic> 777-813. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295x.112.4.777 <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1037/0033-295x.112.4.777</pub-id><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">16262468</pub-id><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295x.112.4.777">https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295x.112.4.777</ext-link></mixed-citation>
          <element-citation publication-type="other">
            <person-group person-group-type="author">
              <string-name>Engbert, R.</string-name>
              <string-name>Nuthmann, A.</string-name>
              <string-name>Richter, E.</string-name>
              <string-name>Kliegl, R.</string-name>
            </person-group>
            <year>2005</year>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1037/0033-295x.112.4.777</pub-id>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">16262468</pub-id>
          </element-citation>
        </citation-alternatives>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B12">
        <label>12.</label>
        <citation-alternatives>
          <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Folk, J. R., &amp; Eskenazi, M. A. (2018). Eye-Tracking to Distinguish Comprehension-Based and Oculomotor-Based Regressive Eye Movements during Reading. <italic>Journal of Visualized Experiments,</italic><italic>No.</italic><italic>140,</italic> Article No. 58442. https://doi.org/10.3791/58442 <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3791/58442</pub-id><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">30394390</pub-id><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.3791/58442">https://doi.org/10.3791/58442</ext-link></mixed-citation>
          <element-citation publication-type="journal">
            <person-group person-group-type="author">
              <string-name>Folk, J.</string-name>
              <string-name>Eskenazi, M.</string-name>
              <string-name>Experiments, N</string-name>
            </person-group>
            <year>2018</year>
            <elocation-id>No</elocation-id>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3791/58442</pub-id>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">30394390</pub-id>
          </element-citation>
        </citation-alternatives>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B13">
        <label>13.</label>
        <citation-alternatives>
          <mixed-citation publication-type="other">Friederici, A. D. (2011). The Brain Basis of Language Processing: From Structure to Function. <italic>Physiological</italic><italic>Reviews,</italic><italic>91,</italic> 1357-1392. https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00006.2011 <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1152/physrev.00006.2011</pub-id><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">22013214</pub-id><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00006.2011">https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00006.2011</ext-link></mixed-citation>
          <element-citation publication-type="other">
            <person-group person-group-type="author">
              <string-name>Friederici, A.</string-name>
            </person-group>
            <year>2011</year>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1152/physrev.00006.2011</pub-id>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">22013214</pub-id>
          </element-citation>
        </citation-alternatives>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B14">
        <label>14.</label>
        <citation-alternatives>
          <mixed-citation publication-type="other">Hagoort, P. (2013). MUC (Memory, Unification, Control) and Beyond. <italic>Frontiers</italic><italic>in</italic><italic>Psychology,</italic><italic>4,</italic> Article No. 416. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00416 <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00416</pub-id><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">23874313</pub-id><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00416">https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00416</ext-link></mixed-citation>
          <element-citation publication-type="other">
            <person-group person-group-type="author">
              <string-name>Hagoort, P.</string-name>
              <string-name>Memory, U</string-name>
            </person-group>
            <year>2013</year>
            <elocation-id>No</elocation-id>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00416</pub-id>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">23874313</pub-id>
          </element-citation>
        </citation-alternatives>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B15">
        <label>15.</label>
        <citation-alternatives>
          <mixed-citation publication-type="other">Henderson, J. M., Choi, W., Lowder, M. W., &amp; Ferreira, F. (2016). Language Structure in the Brain: A Fixation-Related fMRI Study of Syntactic Surprisal in Reading. <italic>NeuroImage</italic><italic>,</italic><italic>132,</italic> 293-300. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.02.050 <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.02.050</pub-id><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">26908322</pub-id><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.02.050">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.02.050</ext-link></mixed-citation>
          <element-citation publication-type="other">
            <person-group person-group-type="author">
              <string-name>Henderson, J.</string-name>
              <string-name>Choi, W.</string-name>
              <string-name>Lowder, M.</string-name>
              <string-name>Ferreira, F.</string-name>
            </person-group>
            <year>2016</year>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.02.050</pub-id>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">26908322</pub-id>
          </element-citation>
        </citation-alternatives>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B16">
        <label>16.</label>
        <citation-alternatives>
          <mixed-citation publication-type="other">Hillen, R., Günther, T., Kohlen, C., Eckers, C., van Ermingen-Marbach, M., Sass, K. et al. (2013). Identifying Brain Systems for Gaze Orienting during Reading: fMRI Investigation of the Landolt Paradigm. <italic>Frontiers</italic><italic>in</italic><italic>Human</italic><italic>Neuroscience,</italic><italic>7,</italic> Article No. 384. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2013.00384 <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3389/fnhum.2013.00384</pub-id><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">23908615</pub-id><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2013.00384">https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2013.00384</ext-link></mixed-citation>
          <element-citation publication-type="other">
            <person-group person-group-type="author">
              <string-name>Hillen, R.</string-name>
              <string-name>Kohlen, C.</string-name>
              <string-name>Eckers, C.</string-name>
              <string-name>Ermingen-Marbach, M.</string-name>
              <string-name>Sass, K.</string-name>
            </person-group>
            <year>2013</year>
            <elocation-id>No</elocation-id>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3389/fnhum.2013.00384</pub-id>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">23908615</pub-id>
          </element-citation>
        </citation-alternatives>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B17">
        <label>17.</label>
        <citation-alternatives>
          <mixed-citation publication-type="other">Jared, D., &amp; O’Donnell, K. (2017). Skilled Adult Readers Activate the Meanings of High-Frequency Words Using Phonology: Evidence from Eye Tracking. <italic>Memory</italic><italic>&amp;</italic><italic>Cognition,</italic><italic>45,</italic> 334-346. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-016-0661-4 <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3758/s13421-016-0661-4</pub-id><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">27752961</pub-id><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-016-0661-4">https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-016-0661-4</ext-link></mixed-citation>
          <element-citation publication-type="other">
            <person-group person-group-type="author">
              <string-name>Jared, D.</string-name>
              <string-name>Donnell, K.</string-name>
            </person-group>
            <year>2017</year>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3758/s13421-016-0661-4</pub-id>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">27752961</pub-id>
          </element-citation>
        </citation-alternatives>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B18">
        <label>18.</label>
        <citation-alternatives>
          <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kuperman, V., Drieghe, D., Keuleers, E., &amp; Brysbaert, M. (2013). How Strongly Do Word Reading Times and Lexical Decision Times Correlate? Combining Data from Eye Movement Corpora and Megastudies. <italic>Quarterly</italic><italic>Journal</italic><italic>of</italic><italic>Experimental</italic><italic>Psychology,</italic><italic>66,</italic> 563-580. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2012.658820 <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1080/17470218.2012.658820</pub-id><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">22524868</pub-id><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2012.658820">https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2012.658820</ext-link></mixed-citation>
          <element-citation publication-type="journal">
            <person-group person-group-type="author">
              <string-name>Kuperman, V.</string-name>
              <string-name>Drieghe, D.</string-name>
              <string-name>Keuleers, E.</string-name>
              <string-name>Brysbaert, M.</string-name>
            </person-group>
            <year>2013</year>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1080/17470218.2012.658820</pub-id>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">22524868</pub-id>
          </element-citation>
        </citation-alternatives>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B19">
        <label>19.</label>
        <citation-alternatives>
          <mixed-citation publication-type="other">Marsman, J. B. C., Renken, R., Velichkovsky, B. M., Hooymans, J. M. M., &amp; Cornelissen, F. W. (2012). Fixation Based Event‐related fMRI Analysis: Using Eye Fixations as Events in Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Reveal Cortical Processing during the Free Exploration of Visual Images. <italic>Human</italic><italic>Brain</italic><italic>Mapping,</italic><italic>33,</italic> 307-318. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.21211 <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1002/hbm.21211</pub-id><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">21472819</pub-id><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.21211">https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.21211</ext-link></mixed-citation>
          <element-citation publication-type="other">
            <person-group person-group-type="author">
              <string-name>Marsman, J.</string-name>
              <string-name>Renken, R.</string-name>
              <string-name>Velichkovsky, B.</string-name>
              <string-name>Hooymans, J.</string-name>
              <string-name>Cornelissen, F.</string-name>
            </person-group>
            <year>2012</year>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1002/hbm.21211</pub-id>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">21472819</pub-id>
          </element-citation>
        </citation-alternatives>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B20">
        <label>20.</label>
        <citation-alternatives>
          <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Matsuki, K., Chow, T., Hare, M., Elman, J. L., Scheepers, C., &amp; McRae, K. (2011). Event-Based Plausibility Immediately Influences On-Line Language Comprehension. <italic>Journal</italic><italic>of</italic><italic>Experimental</italic><italic>Psychology:</italic><italic>Learning,</italic><italic>Memory,</italic><italic>and</italic><italic>Cognition,</italic><italic>37,</italic> 913-934. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0022964 <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1037/a0022964</pub-id><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">21517222</pub-id><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1037/a0022964">https://doi.org/10.1037/a0022964</ext-link></mixed-citation>
          <element-citation publication-type="journal">
            <person-group person-group-type="author">
              <string-name>Matsuki, K.</string-name>
              <string-name>Chow, T.</string-name>
              <string-name>Hare, M.</string-name>
              <string-name>Elman, J.</string-name>
              <string-name>Scheepers, C.</string-name>
              <string-name>McRae, K.</string-name>
              <string-name>Learning, M</string-name>
            </person-group>
            <year>2011</year>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1037/a0022964</pub-id>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">21517222</pub-id>
          </element-citation>
        </citation-alternatives>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B21">
        <label>21.</label>
        <citation-alternatives>
          <mixed-citation publication-type="confproc">Pallier, C., Devauchelle, A., &amp; Dehaene, S. (2011). Cortical Representation of the Constituent Structure of Sentences. <italic>Proceedings</italic><italic>of</italic><italic>the</italic><italic>National</italic><italic>Academy</italic><italic>of</italic><italic>Sciences,</italic><italic>108,</italic> 2522-2527. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1018711108 <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1073/pnas.1018711108</pub-id><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">21224415</pub-id><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1018711108">https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1018711108</ext-link></mixed-citation>
          <element-citation publication-type="confproc">
            <person-group person-group-type="author">
              <string-name>Pallier, C.</string-name>
              <string-name>Devauchelle, A.</string-name>
              <string-name>Dehaene, S.</string-name>
            </person-group>
            <year>2011</year>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1073/pnas.1018711108</pub-id>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">21224415</pub-id>
          </element-citation>
        </citation-alternatives>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B22">
        <label>22.</label>
        <citation-alternatives>
          <mixed-citation publication-type="other">Patterson, K., Nestor, P. J., &amp; Rogers, T. T. (2007). Where Do You Know What You Know? The Representation of Semantic Knowledge in the Human Brain. <italic>Nature</italic><italic>Reviews</italic><italic>Neuroscience,</italic><italic>8,</italic> 976-987. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn2277 <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1038/nrn2277</pub-id><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">18026167</pub-id><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn2277">https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn2277</ext-link></mixed-citation>
          <element-citation publication-type="other">
            <person-group person-group-type="author">
              <string-name>Patterson, K.</string-name>
              <string-name>Nestor, P.</string-name>
              <string-name>Rogers, T.</string-name>
            </person-group>
            <year>2007</year>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1038/nrn2277</pub-id>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">18026167</pub-id>
          </element-citation>
        </citation-alternatives>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B23">
        <label>23.</label>
        <citation-alternatives>
          <mixed-citation publication-type="other">Pierrot-Deseilligny, C., Milea, D., &amp; Müri, R. M. (2004). Eye Movement Control by the Cerebral Cortex. <italic>Current</italic><italic>Opinion</italic><italic>in</italic><italic>Neurology,</italic><italic>17</italic><italic>,</italic> 17-25. https://doi.org/10.1097/00019052-200402000-00005 <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1097/00019052-200402000-00005</pub-id><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">15090873</pub-id><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1097/00019052-200402000-00005">https://doi.org/10.1097/00019052-200402000-00005</ext-link></mixed-citation>
          <element-citation publication-type="other">
            <person-group person-group-type="author">
              <string-name>Pierrot-Deseilligny, C.</string-name>
              <string-name>Milea, D.</string-name>
            </person-group>
            <year>2004</year>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1097/00019052-200402000-00005</pub-id>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">15090873</pub-id>
          </element-citation>
        </citation-alternatives>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B24">
        <label>24.</label>
        <citation-alternatives>
          <mixed-citation publication-type="other">Price, C. J. (2012). A Review and Synthesis of the First 20years of PET and fMRI Studies of Heard Speech, Spoken Language and Reading. <italic>NeuroImage</italic><italic>,</italic><italic>62,</italic> 816-847. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.04.062 <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.04.062</pub-id><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">22584224</pub-id><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.04.062">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.04.062</ext-link></mixed-citation>
          <element-citation publication-type="other">
            <person-group person-group-type="author">
              <string-name>Price, C.</string-name>
              <string-name>Speech, S</string-name>
            </person-group>
            <year>2012</year>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.04.062</pub-id>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">22584224</pub-id>
          </element-citation>
        </citation-alternatives>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B25">
        <label>25.</label>
        <citation-alternatives>
          <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Rayner, K. (1998). Eye Movements in Reading and Information Processing: 20 Years of Research. <italic>Psychological</italic><italic>Bulletin,</italic><italic>124,</italic> 372-422. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.124.3.372 <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1037/0033-2909.124.3.372</pub-id><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">9849112</pub-id><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.124.3.372">https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.124.3.372</ext-link></mixed-citation>
          <element-citation publication-type="journal">
            <person-group person-group-type="author">
              <string-name>Rayner, K.</string-name>
            </person-group>
            <year>1998</year>
            <fpage>20</fpage>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1037/0033-2909.124.3.372</pub-id>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">9849112</pub-id>
          </element-citation>
        </citation-alternatives>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B26">
        <label>26.</label>
        <citation-alternatives>
          <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Rayner, K. (2009). The 35th Sir Frederick Bartlett Lecture: Eye Movements and Attention in Reading, Scene Perception, and Visual Search. <italic>Quarterly</italic><italic>Journal</italic><italic>of</italic><italic>Experimental</italic><italic>Psychology,</italic><italic>62,</italic> 1457-1506. https://doi.org/10.1080/17470210902816461 <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1080/17470210902816461</pub-id><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">19449261</pub-id><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1080/17470210902816461">https://doi.org/10.1080/17470210902816461</ext-link></mixed-citation>
          <element-citation publication-type="journal">
            <person-group person-group-type="author">
              <string-name>Rayner, K.</string-name>
              <string-name>Reading, S</string-name>
            </person-group>
            <year>2009</year>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1080/17470210902816461</pub-id>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">19449261</pub-id>
          </element-citation>
        </citation-alternatives>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B27">
        <label>27.</label>
        <citation-alternatives>
          <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Rayner, K., Warren, T., Juhasz, B. J., &amp; Liversedge, S. P. (2004). The Effect of Plausibility on Eye Movements in Reading. <italic>Journal</italic><italic>of</italic><italic>Experimental</italic><italic>Psychology:</italic><italic>Learning,</italic><italic>Memory,</italic><italic>and</italic><italic>Cognition,</italic><italic>30,</italic> 1290-1301. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.30.6.1290 <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1037/0278-7393.30.6.1290</pub-id><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">15521805</pub-id><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.30.6.1290">https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.30.6.1290</ext-link></mixed-citation>
          <element-citation publication-type="journal">
            <person-group person-group-type="author">
              <string-name>Rayner, K.</string-name>
              <string-name>Warren, T.</string-name>
              <string-name>Juhasz, B.</string-name>
              <string-name>Liversedge, S.</string-name>
              <string-name>Learning, M</string-name>
            </person-group>
            <year>2004</year>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1037/0278-7393.30.6.1290</pub-id>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">15521805</pub-id>
          </element-citation>
        </citation-alternatives>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B28">
        <label>28.</label>
        <citation-alternatives>
          <mixed-citation publication-type="other">Reichle, E. D., Pollatsek, A., Fisher, D. L., &amp; Rayner, K. (1998). Toward a Model of Eye Movement Control in Reading. <italic>Psychological</italic><italic>Review,</italic><italic>105,</italic> 125-157. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295x.105.1.125 <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1037/0033-295x.105.1.125</pub-id><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">9450374</pub-id><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295x.105.1.125">https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295x.105.1.125</ext-link></mixed-citation>
          <element-citation publication-type="other">
            <person-group person-group-type="author">
              <string-name>Reichle, E.</string-name>
              <string-name>Pollatsek, A.</string-name>
              <string-name>Fisher, D.</string-name>
              <string-name>Rayner, K.</string-name>
            </person-group>
            <year>1998</year>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1037/0033-295x.105.1.125</pub-id>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">9450374</pub-id>
          </element-citation>
        </citation-alternatives>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B29">
        <label>29.</label>
        <citation-alternatives>
          <mixed-citation publication-type="other">Richlan, F., Gagl, B., Hawelka, S., Braun, M., Schurz, M., Kronbichler, M. et al. (2014). Fixation-Related fMRI Analysis in the Domain of Reading Research: Using Self-Paced Eye Movements as Markers for Hemodynamic Brain Responses during Visual Letter String Processing. <italic>Cerebral</italic><italic>Cortex,</italic><italic>24,</italic> 2647-2656. https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bht117 <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1093/cercor/bht117</pub-id><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">23645718</pub-id><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bht117">https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bht117</ext-link></mixed-citation>
          <element-citation publication-type="other">
            <person-group person-group-type="author">
              <string-name>Richlan, F.</string-name>
              <string-name>Gagl, B.</string-name>
              <string-name>Hawelka, S.</string-name>
              <string-name>Braun, M.</string-name>
              <string-name>Schurz, M.</string-name>
              <string-name>Kronbichler, M.</string-name>
            </person-group>
            <year>2014</year>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1093/cercor/bht117</pub-id>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">23645718</pub-id>
          </element-citation>
        </citation-alternatives>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B30">
        <label>30.</label>
        <citation-alternatives>
          <mixed-citation publication-type="other">Schotter, E. R., Angele, B., &amp; Rayner, K. (2012). Parafoveal Processing in Reading. <italic>Attention,</italic><italic>Perception,</italic><italic>&amp;</italic><italic>Psychophysics,</italic><italic>74,</italic> 5-35. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-011-0219-2 <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3758/s13414-011-0219-2</pub-id><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">22042596</pub-id><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-011-0219-2">https://doi.org/10.3758/s13414-011-0219-2</ext-link></mixed-citation>
          <element-citation publication-type="other">
            <person-group person-group-type="author">
              <string-name>Schotter, E.</string-name>
              <string-name>Angele, B.</string-name>
              <string-name>Rayner, K.</string-name>
              <string-name>Attention, P</string-name>
            </person-group>
            <year>2012</year>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3758/s13414-011-0219-2</pub-id>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">22042596</pub-id>
          </element-citation>
        </citation-alternatives>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B31">
        <label>31.</label>
        <citation-alternatives>
          <mixed-citation publication-type="other">Schotter, E. R., Tran, R., &amp; Rayner, K. (2014). Don’t Believe What You Read (Only Once): Comprehension Is Supported by Regressions during Reading. <italic>Psychological</italic><italic>Science,</italic><italic>25,</italic> 1218-1226. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797614531148 <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1177/0956797614531148</pub-id><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">24747167</pub-id><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797614531148">https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797614531148</ext-link></mixed-citation>
          <element-citation publication-type="other">
            <person-group person-group-type="author">
              <string-name>Schotter, E.</string-name>
              <string-name>Tran, R.</string-name>
              <string-name>Rayner, K.</string-name>
            </person-group>
            <year>2014</year>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1177/0956797614531148</pub-id>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">24747167</pub-id>
          </element-citation>
        </citation-alternatives>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B32">
        <label>32.</label>
        <citation-alternatives>
          <mixed-citation publication-type="other">Schuster, S., Hawelka, S., Himmelstoss, N. A., Richlan, F., &amp; Hutzler, F. (2020). The Neural Correlates of Word Position and Lexical Predictability during Sentence Reading: Evidence from Fixation-Related fMRI. <italic>Language,</italic><italic>Cognition</italic><italic>and</italic><italic>Neuroscience,</italic><italic>35,</italic> 613-624. https://doi.org/10.1080/23273798.2019.1575970 <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1080/23273798.2019.1575970</pub-id><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1080/23273798.2019.1575970">https://doi.org/10.1080/23273798.2019.1575970</ext-link></mixed-citation>
          <element-citation publication-type="other">
            <person-group person-group-type="author">
              <string-name>Schuster, S.</string-name>
              <string-name>Hawelka, S.</string-name>
              <string-name>Himmelstoss, N.</string-name>
              <string-name>Richlan, F.</string-name>
              <string-name>Hutzler, F.</string-name>
              <string-name>Language, C</string-name>
            </person-group>
            <year>2020</year>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1080/23273798.2019.1575970</pub-id>
          </element-citation>
        </citation-alternatives>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B33">
        <label>33.</label>
        <citation-alternatives>
          <mixed-citation publication-type="other">Schuster, S., Hawelka, S., Hutzler, F., Kronbichler, M., &amp; Richlan, F. (2016). Words in Context: The Effects of Length, Frequency, and Predictability on Brain Responses during Natural Reading. <italic>Cerebral</italic><italic>Cortex,</italic><italic>26,</italic> 3889.2-3904. https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhw184 <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1093/cercor/bhw184</pub-id><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">27365297</pub-id><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhw184">https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhw184</ext-link></mixed-citation>
          <element-citation publication-type="other">
            <person-group person-group-type="author">
              <string-name>Schuster, S.</string-name>
              <string-name>Hawelka, S.</string-name>
              <string-name>Hutzler, F.</string-name>
              <string-name>Kronbichler, M.</string-name>
              <string-name>Richlan, F.</string-name>
              <string-name>Length, F</string-name>
            </person-group>
            <year>2016</year>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1093/cercor/bhw184</pub-id>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">27365297</pub-id>
          </element-citation>
        </citation-alternatives>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B34">
        <label>34.</label>
        <citation-alternatives>
          <mixed-citation publication-type="other">Staub, A. (2015). The Effect of Lexical Predictability on Eye Movements in Reading: Critical Review and Theoretical Interpretation. <italic>Language</italic><italic>and</italic><italic>Linguistics</italic><italic>Compass,</italic><italic>9,</italic> 311-327. https://doi.org/10.1111/lnc3.12151 <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1111/lnc3.12151</pub-id><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1111/lnc3.12151">https://doi.org/10.1111/lnc3.12151</ext-link></mixed-citation>
          <element-citation publication-type="other">
            <person-group person-group-type="author">
              <string-name>Staub, A.</string-name>
            </person-group>
            <year>2015</year>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1111/lnc3.12151</pub-id>
          </element-citation>
        </citation-alternatives>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B35">
        <label>35.</label>
        <citation-alternatives>
          <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Staub, A., &amp; Clifton, C. (2006). Syntactic Prediction in Language Comprehension: Evidence from Either..or. <italic>Journal</italic><italic>of</italic><italic>Experimental</italic><italic>Psychology:</italic><italic>Learning,</italic><italic>Memory,</italic><italic>and</italic><italic>Cognition,</italic><italic>32,</italic> 425-436. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.32.2.425 <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1037/0278-7393.32.2.425</pub-id><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">16569157</pub-id><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.32.2.425">https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.32.2.425</ext-link></mixed-citation>
          <element-citation publication-type="journal">
            <person-group person-group-type="author">
              <string-name>Staub, A.</string-name>
              <string-name>Clifton, C.</string-name>
              <string-name>Learning, M</string-name>
            </person-group>
            <year>2006</year>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1037/0278-7393.32.2.425</pub-id>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">16569157</pub-id>
          </element-citation>
        </citation-alternatives>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B36">
        <label>36.</label>
        <citation-alternatives>
          <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Weiss, A. F. (2020). The Information Gathering Framework—A Cognitive Model of Regressive Eye Movements during Reading. <italic>Journal</italic><italic>of</italic><italic>Eye</italic><italic>Movement</italic><italic>Research,</italic><italic>13,</italic> Article No. 31. https://doi.org/10.16910/jemr.13.4.4 <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.16910/jemr.13.4.4</pub-id><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">33828803</pub-id><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.16910/jemr.13.4.4">https://doi.org/10.16910/jemr.13.4.4</ext-link></mixed-citation>
          <element-citation publication-type="journal">
            <person-group person-group-type="author">
              <string-name>Weiss, A.</string-name>
            </person-group>
            <year>2020</year>
            <elocation-id>No</elocation-id>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.16910/jemr.13.4.4</pub-id>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">33828803</pub-id>
          </element-citation>
        </citation-alternatives>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B37">
        <label>37.</label>
        <citation-alternatives>
          <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Zhang, G., Yuan, B., Hua, H., Lou, Y., Lin, N., &amp; Li, X. (2021). Individual Differences in First-Pass Fixation Duration in Reading Are Related to Resting-State Functional Connectivity. <italic>Brain</italic><italic>and</italic><italic>Language,</italic><italic>213,</italic> Article ID: 104893. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bandl.2020.104893 <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.bandl.2020.104893</pub-id><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">33360162</pub-id><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bandl.2020.104893">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bandl.2020.104893</ext-link></mixed-citation>
          <element-citation publication-type="journal">
            <person-group person-group-type="author">
              <string-name>Zhang, G.</string-name>
              <string-name>Yuan, B.</string-name>
              <string-name>Hua, H.</string-name>
              <string-name>Lou, Y.</string-name>
              <string-name>Lin, N.</string-name>
              <string-name>Li, X.</string-name>
            </person-group>
            <year>2021</year>
            <fpage>104893</fpage>
            <elocation-id>ID</elocation-id>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.bandl.2020.104893</pub-id>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">33360162</pub-id>
          </element-citation>
        </citation-alternatives>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B38">
        <label>38.</label>
        <citation-alternatives>
          <mixed-citation publication-type="other">Zhou, W., Wang, S., &amp; Yan, M. (2023). Fixation-Related fMRI Analysis Reveals the Neural Basis of Natural Reading of Unspaced and Spaced Chinese Sentences. <italic>Cerebral</italic><italic>Cortex,</italic><italic>33,</italic> 10401-10410. https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhad290 <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1093/cercor/bhad290</pub-id><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">37566912</pub-id><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhad290">https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhad290</ext-link></mixed-citation>
          <element-citation publication-type="other">
            <person-group person-group-type="author">
              <string-name>Zhou, W.</string-name>
              <string-name>Wang, S.</string-name>
              <string-name>Yan, M.</string-name>
            </person-group>
            <year>2023</year>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1093/cercor/bhad290</pub-id>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">37566912</pub-id>
          </element-citation>
        </citation-alternatives>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B39">
        <label>39.</label>
        <citation-alternatives>
          <mixed-citation publication-type="other">Zhou, W., Wang, X., Xia, Z., Bi, Y., Li, P., &amp; Shu, H. (2016). Neural Mechanisms of Dorsal and Ventral Visual Regions during Text Reading. <italic>Frontiers</italic><italic>in</italic><italic>Psychology,</italic><italic>7,</italic> Article No. 1399. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01399 <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01399</pub-id><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">27695434</pub-id><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01399">https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01399</ext-link></mixed-citation>
          <element-citation publication-type="other">
            <person-group person-group-type="author">
              <string-name>Zhou, W.</string-name>
              <string-name>Wang, X.</string-name>
              <string-name>Xia, Z.</string-name>
              <string-name>Bi, Y.</string-name>
              <string-name>Li, P.</string-name>
              <string-name>Shu, H.</string-name>
            </person-group>
            <year>2016</year>
            <elocation-id>No</elocation-id>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01399</pub-id>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">27695434</pub-id>
          </element-citation>
        </citation-alternatives>
      </ref>
    </ref-list>
  </back>
</article>