光致变色材料作为当前高科技领域研究的重要课题,具有广阔的应用价值和发展前景。根据类型不同,本文分别综述了有机光致变色材料、无机光致变色材料以及无机–有机杂化光致变色材料的研究进展及相关应用,并对光致变色材料未来的发展趋势作了简要探讨。 Photochromic materials, as an important subject in the field of high technology, have wide application value and development prospect. According to different types, this paper summarizes the research progress and related applications of organic photochromic materials, inorganic photochromic materials and inorganic-organic hybrid photochromic materials, and briefly discusses the future development trend.
光致变色,研究进展,应用,发展趋势, Photochromatism Research Progress Application Development Trend光致变色材料的研究及应用进展
关于无机光致变色材料的研究,主要集中在无机光致变色玻璃材料和无机光致变色晶体材料这两类。到后来,为增强材料的光致变色敏感性,一些无机复合光致变色薄膜材料逐渐成为研究热点。无机光致变色玻璃材料是通过在玻璃基质中添加感光材料,再经过熔制和热处理制成。David L Morse制备了掺杂CuCl的光致变色硅酸盐玻璃材料,其变色机理是Cu+的价态变化 [13]。S L Kraevskii研究了添加AgCl、AgBr、CuCl的硅玻璃及硅–硼玻璃材料,发现玻璃体存在的色心和表面存在的卤族点缺陷引起了材料的光致变色 [14]。Gael Poirier [15]及N I Fernandes [16]别制备了NaPO3-BaF2-WO3及Na2O-WO3-SbPO4三元玻璃材料,并对变色条件进行了研究。无机变色晶体材料的变色主要是因为体系中存在缺陷。Tao He等的研究表明,晶格缺陷有利于钨离子的不等价转换,对提高WO3材料光致变色性能具有重要作用 [17]。H Marquet研究Bi12GeO20晶体时,发现Bi12GeO20晶体受热激发作用会产生大量的电子陷阱,这对它出现光致变色现象具有重要意义 [18]。对于无机复合光致变色薄膜材料,M A Quevdo-Lopez等利用化学气相沉积法,在MoO3薄膜上沉积CdS,制备了CdS/MoO3薄膜材料,因CdS/MoO3薄膜上产生的大量色心,使该材料对波长λ = 850 nm的光产生较强吸收,呈现出光致变色特性 [19]。A I Gavrilyuk制备了AgCl-WO3双层结构薄膜材料,其受光照后产生的氢原子促进了AgCl光解,使得AgCl薄膜材料的光致变色性能得到增强 [20]。
孙 悦. 光致变色材料的研究及应用进展 Research and Application Progress of Photochromic Materials[J]. 物理化学进展, 2018, 07(03): 139-146. https://doi.org/10.12677/JAPC.2018.73017
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