海洋混凝土自修复是根据生物体受伤后机体自修复的原理,在混凝土中复合微生物孢子及其载体,当海洋混凝土出现裂缝时,微生物能够智能修复裂缝使其愈合,恢复甚至提高混凝土强度,阻止氯离子等有害离子侵蚀内部钢筋及混凝土。海洋混凝土自修复系统将会节省混凝土修补所需的高额费用,节省建筑的维护费用,有利于提高建筑物的安全性和耐久性。本文简要介绍了生物体自修复和海洋混凝土自修复的原理;综述了国际有关普通混凝土和海洋混凝土自修复的研究现状;分析了将普通混凝土自修复技术引入海洋混凝土自修复的可行性、目前研究中存在的问题并对未来的发展方向进行了展望。
The self-healing of marine concrete is based on the principle of self-healing of the organism after injury. In the concrete, the microbial spores and their carriers are compounded. When the concrete is cracked, the microbe can repair the cracks to heal, restore and even increase the strength of the concrete and prevent harmful ions, such as chlorine ions, erode internal steel and concrete. The marine concrete self-repairing system will save the high cost of concrete repair, save the maintenance cost of the building, and help to improve the safety and durability of the building. This paper briefly introduces the principle of self-healing of marine organisms and self-healing of marine concrete, summarizes the research status of self-healing of common concrete and marine concrete in the world, and analyzes the feasibility of introducing ordinary concrete self-healing technology into self-healing of marine concrete. The problems in the future and the future development direction are forecasted.
韩国先进科学技术研究所Kim, H.Y. [31] 在韩国西部海域采集了海水,在含尿素的培养基中培养后,根据颜色变化来选择出了一种尿素分解菌。细菌的详细情况在一篇准备发表的论文:Isolation of ureolytic bacteria in marine for concrete crack healing material中。
3.2. 载体的选择
荷兰代尔夫特理工大学Palin, D. [32] 等提出了一种由藻酸钙包封的细菌孢子和矿物前体化合物组成的微胶囊,用于低温海洋环境中混凝土自修复。研究人员评估了氧气消耗、溶胀、以及在8℃下在模拟海洋环境(SMCCS)混凝土裂缝溶液中形成生物复合材料的能力。浸入SMCCS六天后,细菌在其表面形成方解石壳,形成方解石—藻酸盐生物复合物。微胶囊膨胀300%至最大直径3毫米,理论计算估计0.112克微胶囊浸泡14天后,能够产生约1立方毫米的方解石。此微胶囊在低温海洋环境中显示出自愈合混凝土的巨大潜力,为海洋混凝土自修复的载体研究提供了参考方向。
张华玮,马新伟. 海洋混凝土仿生自修复技术研究进展Research Progress on Bionic Self-Healing Technology of Marine Concrete[J]. 土木工程, 2019, 08(04): 916-922. https://doi.org/10.12677/HJCE.2019.84106
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