狂犬病是由狂犬病毒引起的人畜共患传染病。狂犬病毒感染温血动物和人类的中枢神经系统后导致急性致命脑脊髓炎。狂犬病疫苗的开发有着悠久的历史,19世纪后期开发出第一代狂犬病疫苗,随后开发出更高疗效和更少不良反应的第二代和第三代疫苗,疫苗的正确应用对于防止狂犬病的发展是非常有效的。大量的实验性疫苗正在发展中,包括DNA疫苗、重组病毒疫苗和重组蛋白疫苗。本文概述狂犬病接种疫苗的过去、现在和可能的未来。 Rabies is a zoonotic infection caused by rabies virus. The rabies virus infects the central nervous system of warm-blooded animals and humans leading to acute lethal encephalomyelitis. The development of rabies vaccine has a long history. The first generation of rabies vaccine was developed in the late 19th century, followed by the development of second- and third-generation vaccines with higher efficacy and less adverse reactions. The correct application of vaccines to prevent the development of rabies is very effective. A large number of experimental vaccines are under development, including DNA vaccines, recombinant viral vaccines and recombinant protein vaccines. This article outlines the past, present and possible future of rabies vaccine.
王乾芬. 狂犬病疫苗研究进展 Research Progress on Rabies Vaccine[J]. 生物医学, 2019, 09(03): 143-147. https://doi.org/10.12677/HJBM.2019.93021
参考文献ReferencesWHO (2005) Expert Consultation on Rabies. Geneva.Finke, S. and Conzelmann, K.K. (2005) Replication Strat-egies of Rabies Virus. Virus Research, 111, 120-131.
<br>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virusres.2005.04.004Pasteur, L., Chamberland, C. and Roux, P.P.E. (1884) Nouvelle Communication sur la rage. Comptes rendus de l’Académie des Sciences (Paris), 98, 457-463, 1229-1231.Louis Pasteur, N.J. (1962) A Master of Scientific Enquiry. The Scientific Book Guild, London.Javier, R.S., Kunishita, T., Koike, F. and Tabira, T. (1989) Semple Rabies Vaccine: Presence of Myelin Basic Protein and Proteolipid Protein and Its Activity in Experimental Allergic Encephalomyelitis. Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 93, 221-230. <br>https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-510X(89)90192-5Fuenzalida, E., Palacios, R. and Borgono, J.M. (1964) Anti-Rabies Antibody Response in Man to Vaccine Made from Infected Suckling-Mouse Brains. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 30, 431-436.Peck, F.B., Powell, H.M. and Culbertson, C.G. (1956) Duck-Embryo Rabies Vaccine: Study of Fixed Virus Vaccine Grown in Embryonated Duck Eggs and Killed with Beta-Propiolactone. JAMA, 162, 1373-1376.
<br>https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1956.02970320021006Gluck, R., Wegmann, A., Germanier, R., Keller, H., Hess, M.W., Kraus-Ruppert, R. and Wandeler, A.I. (1984) A New, Highly Immunogenic Duck Embryo Rabies Vaccine. The Lancet, 1, 844-845.
<br>https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(84)92286-4Gluck, R., Matthieu, J.M., Wegmann, A. and Mean, F. (1986) Absence of Myelin Basic Protein in an Improved Purified Duck Embryo Rabies Vaccine. Neurochemical Pathology, 4, 69-75.Kissling, R.E. (1958) Growth of Rabies Virus in Non-Nervous Tissue. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine, 98, 223-225. <br>https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-98-23997Kissling, R.E. and Reese, D.R. (1963) Anti-Rabies Vaccine of Tissue Culture Origin. The Journal of Immunology, 91, 362-368.Wiktor, T.J., Fernandes, M.V. and Koprowski, H. (1964) Cultivation of Rabies Virus in Human Diploid Cell Strain WI-38. The Journal of Immunology, 93, 353-366.Wiktor, T.J., Plotkin, S.A. and Koprowski, H. (1978) Development and Clinical Trials of the New Human Rabies Vaccine of Tissue Culture (Human Diploid Cell) Origin. Developments in Biological Standardization, 40, 3-9.Plotkin, S.A. (1980) Rabies Vaccine Prepared in Human Cell Cultures: Progress and Perspectives. Reviews of Infectious Diseases, 2, 433-448. <br>https://doi.org/10.1093/clinids/2.3.433Wiktor, T.J., Sokol, F., Kuwert, E. and Koprowski, H. (1969) Immunogenicity of Concentrated and Purified Rabies Vaccine of Tissue Culture Origin. Experimental Biology and Medicine, 131, 799-805.
<br>https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-131-33981Wiktor, T.J., Plotkin, S.A. and Grella, D.W. (1973) Human Cell Culture Rabies Vaccine. Antibody Response in Man. JAMA, 224, 1170-1171. <br>https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1973.03220220072012Sikes, R.K., Cleary, W.F., Koprowski, H., Wiktor, T.J. and Kaplan, M.M. (1971) Effective Protection of Monkeys against Death from Street Virus by Post-Exposure Admin-istration of Tissue-Culture Rabies Vaccine. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 45, 1-11.Berlin, B.S., Mitchell, J.R., Burgoyne, G.H., Brown, W.E. and Goswick, C. (1983) Rhesus Diploid Rabies Vaccine (Adsorbed), a New Rabies Vaccine. II. Results of Clinical Studies Simulating Prophylactic Therapy for Rabies Exposure. JAMA, 249, 2663-2665. <br>https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1983.03330430039026Burgoyne, G.H., Kajiya, K.D., Brown, D.W. and Mitchell, J.R. (1985) Rhesus Diploid Rabies Vaccine (Adsorbed): A New Rabies Vaccine. Using FRhL-2 Cells. The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 152, 204-210.
<br>https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/152.1.204Berlin, B.S. (1990) Rabies Vaccine Adsorbed: Neutralizing Antibody Titers after Three-Dose Pre-Exposure Vaccination. American Journal of Public Health, 80, 476-477. <br>https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.80.4.476Kondo, A. (1965) Growth Characteristics of Rabies Virus in Primary Chicken Embryo Cells. Virology, 27, 199-204.
<br>https://doi.org/10.1016/0042-6822(65)90160-1Nicholson, K.G., Farrow, P.R., Bijok, U. and Barth, R. (1987) Pre-Exposure Studies with Purified Chick Embryo Cell Culture Rabies Vaccine and Human Diploid Cell Vaccine: Se-rological and Clinical Responses in Man. Vaccine, 5, 208-210. <br>https://doi.org/10.1016/0264-410X(87)90102-2Dreesen, D.W., Fishbein, D.B., Kemp, D.T. and Brown, J. (1989) Two-Year Comparative Trial on the Immunogenicity and Adverse Effects of Purified Chick Embryo Cell Rabies Vaccine for Pre-Exposure Immunization. Vaccine, 7, 397-400. <br>https://doi.org/10.1016/0264-410X(89)90152-7Montagnon, B.J. (1989) Polio and Rabies Vaccines Produced in Continuous Cell Lines: A Reality for Vero Cell Line. Developments in Biological Standardization, 70, 27-47.Ajjan, N. and Pilet, C. (1989) Comparative Study of the Safety and Protective Value, in Pre-Exposure Use, of Rabies Vaccine Cultivated on Human Diploid Cells (HDCV) and of the New Vaccine Grown on Vero Cells. Vaccine, 7, 125-128. <br>https://doi.org/10.1016/0264-410X(89)90050-9Gueu, L., Schares, S., Schinck, C., et al. (2008) Genetic Characterization of Attenuated SAD Rabies Virus Strains Used for Oral Vaccination of Wildlife. Vaccine, 26, 3227-3235. <br>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.04.007Cliquet, F. and Aubert, M. (2004) Elimination of Terrestrial Rabies in Western European Countries. Developmental Biology, 119, 185-204.Vos, A., Freuling, C., Eskiizmirliler, S., et al. (2009) Rabies in Foxes, Aegean Region, Turkey. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 15, 1620-1622. <br>https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1510.090203Lafay, F., Benejean, J., Tuffereau, C., et al. (1994) Vaccination against Rabies: Construction and Characterization of SAG2, a Double Avirulent Derivative of SADBern. Vaccine, 12, 317-320.
<br>https://doi.org/10.1016/0264-410X(94)90095-7Hooper, D.C., Morimoto, K., Bettle, M., et al. (1998) Col-laboration of Antibody and Inflammation in Clearance of Rabies Virus from the Central Nervous System. Journal of Virology, 72, 3711-3719.Seif, I., Coulon, P., Rollin, P.E., et al. (1985) Rabies Virulence: Effect on Pathogenicity and Sequence Characterisation of Rabies Virus Mutations Affecting Antigenic Site III of the Glycoprotein. Journal of Virology, 53, 926-934.Prehaud, C., Coulon, P., Lafay, F., et al. (1988) Antigenic Site II of Rabies Virus Glyco-protein: Structure and Role in Viral Virulence. Journal of Virology, 62, 1-7.Vidy, A., Chelbi-Alix, M. and Blondel, D. (2005) Rabies Virus P Protein Interacts with STAT 1 and Inhibits Interferon Signal Transduction. Journal of Virology, 79, 14411-14420. <br>https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.79.22.14411-14420.2005Brzozka, K., Finke, S. and Conzelmann, K.K. (2006) Inhibition of Interferon Signalling by Rabies Virus Phosphoprotein P: Activation-Dependent Binding of STAT1 and STAT2. Journal of Virology, 80, 2675-2683.
<br>https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.80.6.2675-2683.2006Wen, Y., Wang, H., Wu, H., et al. (2011) Rabies Virus Expressing Dendritic Cell-Activating Molecules Enhances the Innate and Adaptive Immune Response to Vaccination. Journal of Virology, 85, 1634-1644.
<br>https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.01552-10