胰腺癌是恶性程度很高的肿瘤,占恶性肿瘤致死原因的第7位。其起病隐匿,发现时一般属于中晚期,预后较差。早发现及早治疗是提高预后的关键。本文对胰腺癌诊断及治疗方面的进展进行综述。 Pancreatic cancer is high degree of malignancy tumor, accounting for the 7th leading cause of death from malignant tumors. Because of its insidious onset, and it is generally in the middle and late stages when found, with a poor prognosis. Early detection and treatment are the key to im-prove the prognosis. This article reviews the advances in diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer.
胰腺癌,诊断,治疗,进展, Pancreatic Cancer Diagnosis Treatment Advance胰腺癌诊疗进展
DNA甲基化是一种通过控制DNA序列的获取而参与调控基因表达的化学修饰。在哺乳动物中,DNA甲基化参与控制遗传密码的表达,DNA甲基化异常与多种疾病的发生发展有关,包括肿瘤 [24]。Joo Mi Yi 等人 [25] 使用一种全基因组的转录方法鉴定胰腺癌细胞株中新的肿瘤特异性DNA甲基化改变,发现了两个新基因BNC1和ADAMTS1,它们在胰腺癌中表现出高频率甲基化。使用纳米颗粒使甲基化技术在42例胰腺癌患者血清中检测到了这种DNA甲基化的改变。最终发现BNC1和ADAMTS1的启动子DNA甲基化是检测早期胰腺癌的潜在生物标志物。因此检测血清循环DNA中这些基因的启动子甲基化状态是早期发现胰腺癌的一种很有前途的方法。
2.2.4. 外泌体检测
外泌体是双层脂质包裹的细胞外小泡,含有蛋白质和核酸。它们由所有细胞分泌并在血液中循环。目前还缺乏对循环中癌细胞衍生的外泌体的特异性检测和分离方法。Sonia A. Melo等人 [26] 通过质谱分析鉴定了一种细胞表面蛋白多糖-1 (GPC1),它富集于癌细胞衍生的外泌体中,并且在胰腺癌患者的血清中检测出的GPC1 (+)循环外泌体具有绝对的特异性和敏感性,能将正常人和良性胰腺疾病患者与早期和晚期胰腺癌患者区别开来。他们认为GPC1(+)循环外泌体可作为一种潜在的无创诊断和筛查工具,用于检测早期胰腺癌。
闫 鹏,屠 松,石景明. 胰腺癌诊疗进展Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer[J]. 外科, 2020, 09(02): 5-12. https://doi.org/10.12677/HJS.2020.92002
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