抗菌肽(Antimicrobial peptide, AMPs)又叫宿主防御肽(Host defence peptide, HDPs),通常是由7~100个氨基酸组成的小分子多肽,是生物体天然免疫防御系统的一个重要组成部分。AMPs具有广谱抗感染性细菌(G
+、G
−)、抗病毒、抗真菌、抗寄生虫、抑杀肿瘤细胞和免疫调节等生物学活性。AMPs通过膜作用和非膜作用两种机制抑杀病原菌。AMPs由于其潜在的治疗作用,近年来受到了人们的广泛关注。与传统的抗生素相比,AMPs具有不易产生耐药性、低毒性、生物多样性和直接攻击性的特点,AMPs被认为是后抗生素时代最有前途的新一代抗菌药物。目前已有60多种AMPs药物进入市场,数百种AMPs药物正处于临床试验阶段。文章综述了抗菌肽的来源、作用机制及在临床上的应用。
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), also known as host defense peptides (HDPs), are usually small peptides composed of 7~100 amino acids, which are an important part of the natural immune defense system. AMPs have many biological activities, such as broad-spectrum anti-infective bacteria (G
+, G
−), antiviral, antifungal, antiparasitic, antitumor and immunomodulatory activities. AMPs can inhibit and kill pathogenic bacteria through membrane acting mechanism and non-membrane acting mechanism. AMPs have been widely concerned in recent years because of their potential therapeutic effects. Compared with traditional antibiotics, AMPs are not easy to produce drug resistance, low toxicity, biodiversity and direct attacking properties. AMPs are considered to be the most promising new generation of antibacterial agents in the post antibiotic era. At present, more than 60 AMPs drugs already reached the market and hundreds of novel therapeutic AMPs are in the clinical trials. This paper reviews the sources, mechanism and recent clinical application of antimicrobial peptides.
吴阳开,金明昌. 抗菌肽的来源、作用机制及临床应用研究进展Sources, Mechanism and Clinical Application of Antimicrobial Peptides[J]. 临床医学进展, 2020, 10(08): 1729-1942. https://doi.org/10.12677/ACM.2020.108260
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