将二维EMD方法应用于鲁西地块重力数据分解,获取反映研究区不同尺度深部地幔隆陷及其与金矿化空间分布关系的IMF
4和IMF
3重力分量图像。IMF
4低通滤波重力分量图像显示鲁西地块存在1处一级区域性地幔隆起,临沂幔隆(I
UY)和两处一级区域性地幔凹陷,平邑幔陷(I
DP)和莱芜幔陷(I
DL)。几乎所有金矿床及其相关的中生代火成岩体(侵入岩和火山岩)皆沿这种区域性幔隆或幔陷的边缘分布。IMF
3带通滤波重力分量图像,揭示在一级区域性地幔隆陷的基础上发育的二级区域性地幔隆陷特征。在整个研究区这种二级区域性幔隆和幔陷呈带状相间分布。在研究区东部,临沂–沂南–沂水幔隆西侧分布有相同展布方向和近似规模的孟良崮–棱背岭–沂山–唐吾幔陷,在其南东侧发育临沭–莒南幔陷。在研究区中西部,分布4对呈北西向分布的地幔隆陷。自南至北,依次为张庄–滕州幔陷;向城–石井–水泉–南辛幔隆;罗庄–郑城–四海山幔陷;临沂–费县–平邑–泗水幔隆;蒙山–宫里–泰安幔陷;蒙阴–新泰–徂徕–柳埠–济南幔隆;雁翎关–跺庄幔陷;辛庄–腰关–阎家峪幔隆。研究区构造线的分布与二级幔隆和幔陷的展布方向具有高度一致性。金矿床及其相关的中生代岩浆岩(侵入岩和火山岩)绝大多数分布于二级幔隆区或其边缘。业已表明,中生代太平洋板块向欧亚板块俯冲导致的郯庐断裂大规模的左行平移引起鲁西二级区域性地幔隆陷,二级地幔隆陷导致的拉张和挤压作用引起的构造岩浆活动构成中生代金–铜金成矿的有利地质背景,发育于二级地幔隆起及其边缘的构造岩浆岩带是找寻Au(Ag)、Cu等矿床的远景地段。
Bi-dimensional empirical mode decomposition (BEMD) is effectively used to handle gravity sig-nals for the western Shandong uplift block. This yielded two two-dimensional intrinsic mode function (IMF) images that depict two layers of mantle swells and sags with different size and their spatial distribution relationships to various gold deposits and related igneous bodies re-spectively. A low-pass filtered image (IMF
4) depicts one the first class of mantle swell, Linyi one (I
UY) and two the first class of mantle sags, Pingyi one (I
DP) and Laiwu one (I
DL). Almost all Meso-zoic intrusions and gold deposits associated with the intrusions are distributed at the edges of both the mantle swells and the mantle sags. A band-pass filtered IMF3 image depicts the spatial distributions of the second class of mantle swells and sags developed on the basis of the first class of mantle swell and sags. The second class of the mantle swells and sags occurs in belt in whole area. In the eastern part of the study area, the Linyi - Yinan - Yishui mantle swell belt is distributed in NNE orientation along the Yishu fault belt and there are two mantle sags on the both side of the mantle, one being the Menglianggu - Lengbeiling - Yishan - Tangwu mantle sag on its northwestern side and another the Linshu - Junan mantle sag on its southeastern side, which are distributed in the same orientation with the mantle swell belt. In middle-west part of the study area, there are four couples of mantle sags and swells which are distributed in NW orientation. From south toward north, they are in order the Zhangzhuang - Tengzhou mantle sag, Xiangcheng - Shijing - Shuiquang - Nanxin mantle swell; Luozhuang - Zhengcheng - Sihaishan mantle sag, Linyi - Feixian - Pingyi - Sishui mantle swell; Mengshan - Gongli - Taian mantle sag, Mengyin - Xintai - Zulai - Liubu - Jinan mantle swell; Yanlingguan - Duozhuang sag, and Xinz-huang - Yaoguan - Yanjiayu swell. The tectonic lineaments are distributed in the same orienta-tion with the mantle swells and sags. Almost all the Mesozoic intrusions and gold deposits asso-ciated with the intrusions are located within the mantle swells and/or at the edges of them. It has been illustrated that subduction of the Pacific plate beneath the Euro-Asia continent in the Mesozoic era might trigger the Tanlu Fault moved in sinistral strike-slip on a large scale to pro-duce the second class of mantle swells and sags. The mantle swells might be tectonically an ex-tensional area where the magma rocks are well developed to produce gold and/or copper-gold deposits associated with the magma activities. Thus, these magma rock areas are favorable areas for prospecting gold and copper-gold deposits.
二维经验模分解,重力异常分量,地幔隆陷,中生代构造岩浆岩带,鲁西隆起,中国东部, BEMD Gravity Anomaly Components Mantle Swells and Sags Mesozoic Tectono-Magama Rock Zones Western Shandong Uplift Eastern China摘要
Bi-dimensional empirical mode decomposition (BEMD) is effectively used to handle gravity signals for the western Shandong uplift block. This yielded two two-dimensional intrinsic mode function (IMF) images that depict two layers of mantle swells and sags with different size and their spatial distribution relationships to various gold deposits and related igneous bodies respectively. A low-pass filtered image (IMF4) depicts one the first class of mantle swell, Linyi one (IUY) and two the first class of mantle sags, Pingyi one (IDP) and Laiwu one (IDL). Almost all Mesozoic intrusions and gold deposits associated with the intrusions are distributed at the edges of both the mantle swells and the mantle sags. A band-pass filtered IMF3 image depicts the spatial distributions of the second class of mantle swells and sags developed on the basis of the first class of mantle swell and sags. The second class of the mantle swells and sags occurs in belt in whole area. In the eastern part of the study area, the Linyi - Yinan - Yishui mantle swell belt is distributed in NNE orientation along the Yishu fault belt and there are two mantle sags on the both side of the mantle, one being the Menglianggu - Lengbeiling - Yishan - Tangwu mantle sag on its northwestern side and another the Linshu - Junan mantle sag on its southeastern side, which are distributed in the same orientation with the mantle swell belt. In middle-west part of the study area, there are four couples of mantle sags and swells which are distributed in NW orientation. From south toward north, they are in order the Zhangzhuang - Tengzhou mantle sag, Xiangcheng - Shijing - Shuiquang - Nanxin mantle swell; Luozhuang - Zhengcheng - Sihaishan mantle sag, Linyi - Feixian - Pingyi - Sishui mantle swell; Mengshan - Gongli - Taian mantle sag, Mengyin - Xintai - Zulai - Liubu - Jinan mantle swell; Yanlingguan - Duozhuang sag, and Xinzhuang - Yaoguan - Yanjiayu swell. The tectonic lineaments are distributed in the same orientation with the mantle swells and sags. Almost all the Mesozoic intrusions and gold deposits associated with the intrusions are located within the mantle swells and/or at the edges of them. It has been illustrated that subduction of the Pacific plate beneath the Euro-Asia continent in the Mesozoic era might trigger the Tanlu Fault moved in sinistral strike-slip on a large scale to produce the second class of mantle swells and sags. The mantle swells might be tectonically an extensional area where the magma rocks are well developed to produce gold and/or copper-gold deposits associated with the magma activities. Thus, these magma rock areas are favorable areas for prospecting gold and copper-gold deposits.
Keywords:BEMD, Gravity Anomaly Components, Mantle Swells and Sags, Mesozoic Tectono-Magama Rock Zones, Western Shandong Uplift, Eastern China
在二维空间中,对一维EMD方法进行推广,实现了二维的EMD的分解(BEMD)。二维EMD方法过程与一维EMD类似,主要的区别在于二维EMD方法矩阵中极值点的确定和包络面的拟合比一维EMD方法更复杂(后面将详细说明)。令 O r i ( m , n ) 为待分解的二维数据,通过二维筛分过程,可将二维数据分解为有限个的二维IMF分量(BIMF),分别代表二维数据的不同频率(尺度)的结构特征,按照频率的由高到低,依次为 B 1 ( m , n ) , B 2 ( m , n ) , ⋯ , B t ( m , n ) ,则有:
O r i ( m , n ) = ∑ i = 1 t B i ( m , n ) + R e s ( m , n ) (1)
其中, B i ( m , n ) 为第i个二维IMF分量, R e s ( m , n ) 为剩余分量。在滤波过程中,与一维类似,可以设计不同的滤波器 S H P ( m , n ) , S B P ( m , n ) , S L P ( m , n ) ,分别用于高通、带通和低通滤波。也可以选择性的选取某些(个)反映特定频率(尺度)结构特征的二维IMF分量作为滤波结果。
S H P ( m , n ) = ∑ i = 1 k B i ( m , n ) (2)
S B P ( m , n ) = ∑ i = k p B i ( m , n ) (3)
S L P ( m , n ) = ∑ i = p t B i ( m , n ) + R e s ( m , n ) (4)
a) 断裂:以NE向沂沭断裂及NW向断裂为主的断裂系统。在沂沭断裂带内或其附近的中生代火山岩盆地,一些金矿点受其控制呈NE向分布。在沂沭断裂带以西,NW向断裂系统控制了前寒武纪变质岩系、古生代碳酸盐岩沉积盆地、中生代火山岩盆地和中生代侵入体以及金矿床、矿点的分布。因此,NE向沂沭断裂带及NW向断裂系统构成了研究区的一级控矿地质因素 [28]。
b) 地层:本区前寒武纪结晶基底由表壳岩(5%)和深成侵入岩(95%)组成。表壳岩主要包括中太古代(>3 000 Ma)沂水岩群和新太古代(2800 Ma)泰山岩群。沂水岩群分布于沂水断裂带,其主要岩性为斜长二辉麻粒岩、二辉角闪斜长片麻岩和斜长角闪岩以及含紫苏磁铁石英岩等一套深变质岩系;其原岩为超镁铁质–镁铁质熔岩、凝灰岩及泥质砂岩夹硅铁质岩石。泰山岩群分布于沂沭断裂带以西的鲁西隆起区,其主要岩性为斜长角闪岩,透闪片岩、角闪黑云变粒岩夹铁闪磁铁石英岩;其原岩为超镁铁质–镁铁质熔岩(科马提岩)、凝灰岩、泥质粉砂岩和硅铁质岩;泰山岩群是我国保存最好、发育最完整的典型新太古代绿岩带 [29]。
c) 中生代岩体:与岩体有关的金矿床是本区金的主要工业矿床类型。与金矿有关的侵入体皆为中生代浅成斑状杂岩体,成岩时代为190~125 Ma [30] [31] [32],发育于隐伏基底(这里指被古生代沉积碳酸盐岩覆盖的前寒武结晶基底区)区。金矿床(矿点)通常环绕侵入体分布(图2)。这类金的工业矿床的形成归结于矿源(前寒武纪结晶基底),热源(中生代侵入岩),有利围岩(古生代沉积碳酸盐岩)和成矿构造等成矿要素的最佳匹配 [28]。
原始重力数据图像(图3)是不同深度、不同密度地质单元及其地质结构的综合反映。为揭示鲁西地块深部地质结构及其对金矿化系列形成与分布的控制,对其1:20万重力数据(图3)进行二维EMD分解,获得4个二维IMF分量,以及剩余量 R e s ( m , n ) , O r i ( m , n ) = ∑ i = 1 4 B I M F i ( m , n ) + R e s ( m , n ) 。各个二维IMF分量代表二维数据的不同频率的结构特征。BIMF1、BIMF2、BIMF3和BIMF4按照频率从高到低产生的,对于相同的局部区域BIMF1带通滤波频率通常高于BIMF2的频率。在鲁西1:20万重力数据的处理过程中,设定SD = 0.02。
朱 旭,赵彬彬,陈永清. 应用二维经验模分解(BEMD)提取反应鲁西地幔隆陷重力异常BEMD and its Application in Extraction of Gravity Anomaly Originated from Mantle Swell and Sags within the Western Shandong Uplift, Eastern China[J]. 地球科学前沿, 2020, 10(11): 1085-1099. https://doi.org/10.12677/AG.2020.1011107
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