听力损失是新生儿期常见的出生缺陷,不仅影响语言发育,还会对神经或情感、认知能力、学业发展等产生不良影响。新生儿听力筛查可以早期发现听力损失的患儿,实现早诊断、早干预,最大程度地减少听力损失造成的影响。本文对新生儿听力筛查的方法及临床应用进行总结,以期为听力损失的早期诊断提供参考。
Hearing loss is a common birth defect in newborns. It not only affects language development, but also has adverse effects on nerve or emotion, cognitive ability and academic development. Neonatal hearing screening can detect children with hearing loss early, realize early diagnosis and early intervention, and minimize the impact of hearing loss. This paper summarizes the methods and clinical application of neonatal hearing screening, in order to provide reference for the early diagnosis of hearing loss.
Hearing loss is a common birth defect in newborns. It not only affects language development, but also has adverse effects on nerve or emotion, cognitive ability and academic development. Neonatal hearing screening can detect children with hearing loss early, realize early diagnosis and early intervention, and minimize the impact of hearing loss. This paper summarizes the methods and clinical application of neonatal hearing screening, in order to provide reference for the early diagnosis of hearing loss.
有研究者使用OAE对新生儿进行初筛,未通过者在42天内进行OAE + AABR复筛,复筛中任意一项未通过即为筛查试验阳性,共完成1271例联合筛查。结果显示,此方法相比单一筛查有较高的灵敏度(98.36% vs 91.80%)和较低的漏诊率(1.61% vs 8.20%),但假阳性率有所升高 [24],给家长增加了额外的经济负担和精神压力。
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