小麦白粉病是小麦全生育期都会发生的叶部病害,能使小麦的产量和品质大幅度下降。种植抗病品种一直被认为是防治小麦病害最为经济、安全和有效的途径。为掌握长江中下游麦区和黄淮麦区主栽品种、新近审定的品种以及一些高代品系对我国白粉病的抗性水平。本研究选用白粉菌生理小种52-27对长江中下游麦区和黄淮麦区主栽品种和后备小麦品种(系)进行苗期抗病性鉴定;选用白粉菌生理小种E21、52-27和2-40对49个小麦品种(系)进行抗病性鉴定。结果表明,74个苗期抗性参试品种(系)中,抗52-27的有25个,占35.21%。使用离体叶段法鉴定的49个品种(系)中,抗E21的有13个,占26.53%;抗52-27的有17个,占34.69%;抗2-40的有12个,占24.49%;对3个小种均抗病的有2个,占4.08%。
Wheat powdery mildew is a leaf disease that occurs during the whole growth period of wheat, which can significantly reduce the yield and quality of wheat. Planting disease-resistant varieties has always been regarded as the most economical, safe and effective way to control wheat diseases. In order to grasp the resistance level of main plant varieties, newly approved varieties and some high-generation lines to powdery mildew in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the Huanghuai wheat area. In this study, the physiological race 52-27 of powdery mildew was used to identify the disease resistance at the seedling stage of the main varieties and reserve wheat vari-eties (lines) in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the Huanghuai wheat region; the physiological races E21, 52-27 and 2-40 were used for disease resistance identification of 49 wheat varieties (lines). The results showed that among the 74 test varieties (lines) with resistance at the seedling stage, 25 were resistant to 52-27, accounting for 35.21%. Among the 49 cultivars (lines) identified by the in vitro leaf segment method, 13 were resistant to E21, accounting for 26.53%; 17 were resistant to 52-27, accounting for 34.69%; 12 were resistant to 2-40, accounting for 24.49%; 2 of the 3 races were resistant to disease, accounting for 4.08%.
Screening of Wheat Germplasm Resources for Powdery Mildew Resistance
Mengru Wang, Peng Zhang
Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou Hubei
Wheat powdery mildew is a leaf disease that occurs during the whole growth period of wheat, which can significantly reduce the yield and quality of wheat. Planting disease-resistant varieties has always been regarded as the most economical, safe and effective way to control wheat diseases. In order to grasp the resistance level of main plant varieties, newly approved varieties and some high-generation lines to powdery mildew in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the Huanghuai wheat area. In this study, the physiological race 52-27 of powdery mildew was used to identify the disease resistance at the seedling stage of the main varieties and reserve wheat varieties (lines) in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the Huanghuai wheat region; the physiological races E21, 52-27 and 2-40 were used for disease resistance identification of 49 wheat varieties (lines). The results showed that among the 74 test varieties (lines) with resistance at the seedling stage, 25 were resistant to 52-27, accounting for 35.21%. Among the 49 cultivars (lines) identified by the in vitro leaf segment method, 13 were resistant to E21, accounting for 26.53%; 17 were resistant to 52-27, accounting for 34.69%; 12 were resistant to 2-40, accounting for 24.49%; 2 of the 3 races were resistant to disease, accounting for 4.08%.
王梦如,张鹏. 小麦抗白粉病种质资源的筛选Screening of Wheat Germplasm Resources for Powdery Mildew Resistance[J]. 植物学研究, 2022, 11(04): 508-514. https://doi.org/10.12677/BR.2022.114059
参考文献ReferencesCowger, C., Miranda, L., Griffey, C., Hall, M., Murphy, J.P. and Maxwell J (2012) Wheat Powdery Mildew. In: Sharma, I., Ed., Disease resistance in wheat, CABI (Centre for Agriculture and Bioscience International), Oxfordshire, 84-119. <br>https://doi.org/10.1079/9781845938185.0084何中虎, 兰彩霞, 陈新民, 邹裕春, 庄巧生, 夏先春. 小麦条锈病和白粉病成株抗性研究进展与展望[J]. 中国农业科学, 2011, 44(11): 2193-2215刘万才, 邵振润. 我国小麦白粉病大区流行的气候因素分析[J]. 植保技术与推广, 1998, 18(1): 3-5.Marone, D., Russol, M.A., Laidò, G., De Vita, P., Papa, R., Blanco, A., et al. (2013) Genetic Basis of Qualitative and Quantitative Resistance to Powdery Mildew in Wheat: From Consensus Regions to Candidate Genes. BMC Genomics, 14, Article No. 562. <br>https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-14-562Hsam, S.L.K. and Zeller, F.J. (2002) Breeding for Powdery Mil-dew Resistance in Common Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). In: Belanger, R.R., Bushnell, W.R., Dik, A.J. and Carver, T.L.W., Eds., The Powdery Mildews, a Comprehensive Treatise, APS (American Phytopathological Society) Press, St. Paul, 219-238.He, H., Liu, R., Pengtao, M., Du, H., Zhang, H., Wu, Q., et al. (2021) Characterization of Pm68, a New Powdery Mildew Resistance Gene on Chromosome 2BS of Greek Durum Wheat TRI 1796. Theoretical and Ap-plied Genetics, 134, 53-62. <br>https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-020-03681-2McIntosh, R.A., Dubcovsky, J., Rogers, W.J., et al. (2020) Catalogue of Gene Symbols for Wheat: 2020 Supplement. In: Raupp, W.J., Ed., Annual Wheat Newsletter, The Wheat Genetic and Genomic Resources Center at Kansas State University, Manhattan, 98-113.Yahiaoui, N., Srichumpa, P., Dudler, R. and Keller, B. (2004) Genome Analysis at Different Ploidy Levels Allows Cloning of the Powdery Mildew Resistance Gene Pm3b from Hexaploid Wheat. The Plant Journal, 37, 528-538.
<br>https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-313X.2003.01977.xKrattinger, S.G., Lagudah, E.S., Spielmeyer, W.S., Singh, R.P., Huerta-Espino, J., McFadden, H., et al. (2009) A Putative ABC Transporter Confers Durable Resistance to Multi-ple Fungal Pathogens in Wheat. Science, 323, 1360-1363.
<br>https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1166453Cao, A.Z., Xing, L.P., Wang, X.Y., Yang, X., Wang, W., Sun, Y., et al. (2011) Serine/Threonine Kinase Gene Stpk-V, a Key Member of Powdery Mildew Resistance Gene Pm21, Confers Powdery Mildew Resistance in Wheat. Proceeding of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 108, 7727-7732.
<br>https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1016981108Lillemo, M., Asalf, B., Singh, R.P., Huerta-Espino, J., Chen, X.M., He, Z.H. and Bjørnstad, Å. (2008) The Adult Plant Rust Resistance Loci Lr34/Yr18 and Lr46/Yr29 Are Important De-terminants of Partial Resistance to Powdery Mildew in Bread Wheat Line Saar. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 116, 1155-1166.
<br>https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-008-0743-1盛宝钦, 周益林. 关于小麦种质资源抗白粉病研究战略的商榷[J]. 植物保护, 1990(4): 33-34杨立军, 曾凡松, 龚双军, 史文琦, 张学江, 汪华, 等. 68个主推小麦品种的白粉病抗性分析及基因推导[J]. 中国农业科学, 2013, 46(16): 3354-3368.庄巧生. 中国小麦品种改良及系谱分析[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2003: 421-443吴立人, 牛永春. 我国小麦条锈病持续控制的策略[J]. 中国农业科学, 2000(5):46-53.唐伯让, 朱文珍, 孟繁华. 小麦离体叶段鉴定白粉病抗性方法的研究[J]. 植物保护学报, 1995(4): 309-314.Cowger, C., Miranda, L., Griffey, C., Hall, M., Murphy, J.P. and Maxwell J (2012) Wheat Powdery Mildew. In: Sharma, I., Ed., Disease resistance in wheat, CABI (Centre for Agriculture and Bioscience International), Oxfordshire, 84-119. <br>https://doi.org/10.1079/9781845938185.0084何中虎, 兰彩霞, 陈新民, 邹裕春, 庄巧生, 夏先春. 小麦条锈病和白粉病成株抗性研究进展与展望[J]. 中国农业科学, 2011, 44(11): 2193-2215刘万才, 邵振润. 我国小麦白粉病大区流行的气候因素分析[J]. 植保技术与推广, 1998, 18(1): 3-5.Marone, D., Russol, M.A., Laidò, G., De Vita, P., Papa, R., Blanco, A., et al. (2013) Genetic Basis of Qualitative and Quantitative Resistance to Powdery Mildew in Wheat: From Consensus Regions to Candidate Genes. BMC Genomics, 14, Article No. 562. <br>https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-14-562Hsam, S.L.K. and Zeller, F.J. (2002) Breeding for Powdery Mil-dew Resistance in Common Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). In: Belanger, R.R., Bushnell, W.R., Dik, A.J. and Carver, T.L.W., Eds., The Powdery Mildews, a Comprehensive Treatise, APS (American Phytopathological Society) Press, St. Paul, 219-238.He, H., Liu, R., Pengtao, M., Du, H., Zhang, H., Wu, Q., et al. (2021) Characterization of Pm68, a New Powdery Mildew Resistance Gene on Chromosome 2BS of Greek Durum Wheat TRI 1796. Theoretical and Ap-plied Genetics, 134, 53-62. <br>https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-020-03681-2McIntosh, R.A., Dubcovsky, J., Rogers, W.J., et al. (2020) Catalogue of Gene Symbols for Wheat: 2020 Supplement. In: Raupp, W.J., Ed., Annual Wheat Newsletter, The Wheat Genetic and Genomic Resources Center at Kansas State University, Manhattan, 98-113.Yahiaoui, N., Srichumpa, P., Dudler, R. and Keller, B. (2004) Genome Analysis at Different Ploidy Levels Allows Cloning of the Powdery Mildew Resistance Gene Pm3b from Hexaploid Wheat. The Plant Journal, 37, 528-538.
<br>https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-313X.2003.01977.xKrattinger, S.G., Lagudah, E.S., Spielmeyer, W.S., Singh, R.P., Huerta-Espino, J., McFadden, H., et al. (2009) A Putative ABC Transporter Confers Durable Resistance to Multi-ple Fungal Pathogens in Wheat. Science, 323, 1360-1363.
<br>https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1166453Cao, A.Z., Xing, L.P., Wang, X.Y., Yang, X., Wang, W., Sun, Y., et al. (2011) Serine/Threonine Kinase Gene Stpk-V, a Key Member of Powdery Mildew Resistance Gene Pm21, Confers Powdery Mildew Resistance in Wheat. Proceeding of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 108, 7727-7732.
<br>https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1016981108Lillemo, M., Asalf, B., Singh, R.P., Huerta-Espino, J., Chen, X.M., He, Z.H. and Bjørnstad, Å. (2008) The Adult Plant Rust Resistance Loci Lr34/Yr18 and Lr46/Yr29 Are Important De-terminants of Partial Resistance to Powdery Mildew in Bread Wheat Line Saar. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 116, 1155-1166.
<br>https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-008-0743-1盛宝钦, 周益林. 关于小麦种质资源抗白粉病研究战略的商榷[J]. 植物保护, 1990(4): 33-34杨立军, 曾凡松, 龚双军, 史文琦, 张学江, 汪华, 等. 68个主推小麦品种的白粉病抗性分析及基因推导[J]. 中国农业科学, 2013, 46(16): 3354-3368.庄巧生. 中国小麦品种改良及系谱分析[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2003: 421-443吴立人, 牛永春. 我国小麦条锈病持续控制的策略[J]. 中国农业科学, 2000(5):46-53.唐伯让, 朱文珍, 孟繁华. 小麦离体叶段鉴定白粉病抗性方法的研究[J]. 植物保护学报, 1995(4): 309-314.