矮小症是指儿童身高与同种族、同年龄且同性别的正常健康儿童相比,相差约3个百分点或低于均数2个标准差。对于身高远低于年龄和性别标准的儿童,身材矮小可能构成行为和情绪问题的风险因素。因此,临床治疗的终点不仅仅需满足于身高的增加,更应考虑儿童的健康相关生活质量(HRQOL)。国内外学者研究出相关测评量表来评估身材矮小儿童的生活质量(HRQOL),并对其进行了一系列研究,现对这些研究进行简要综述。
Short stature refers to a child’s height that differs by approximately 3 percentage points or 2 standard deviations below the mean compared with normal healthy children of the same race, age, and sex. Short stature may constitute a risk factor for behavioral and emotional problems in chil-dren whose height is well below age and gender norms. Therefore, the end point of clinical treat-ment should not only be satisfied with the increase of height, but should also consider the health-related quality of life of children. Scholars at home and abroad have developed relevant as-sessment scales to assess the quality of life of children with short stature, and have conducted a se-ries of studies on them. A brief review of these studies is now given.
矮小儿童,生活质量,量表,影响因素, Short Children Quality of Life Scale Influencing Factors摘要
Quality of Life of Short Children and Its Influencing Factors
Mi Zhang, Kuanfeng Wang, Shiping Liu
Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Yan’an University, Yan’an Shaanxi
Received: Jul. 24th, 2022; accepted: Aug. 19th, 2022; published: Aug. 26th, 2022
ABSTRACT
Short stature refers to a child’s height that differs by approximately 3 percentage points or 2 standard deviations below the mean compared with normal healthy children of the same race, age, and sex. Short stature may constitute a risk factor for behavioral and emotional problems in children whose height is well below age and gender norms. Therefore, the end point of clinical treatment should not only be satisfied with the increase of height, but should also consider the health-related quality of life of children. Scholars at home and abroad have developed relevant assessment scales to assess the quality of life of children with short stature, and have conducted a series of studies on them. A brief review of these studies is now given.
Keywords:Short Children, Quality of Life, Scale, Influencing Factors
我国早在1998年程灶火、高北陵 [7] 等人编制的儿少主观生活质量问卷(Inventory of Subjective Life Quality, ISQL)调查被试少儿的主观生活质量(HRQOL)情况。该问卷是一种基于多维层阶理论的自我报告式问卷,反映儿童的内心真切感受和跟他人相处中的自我感觉。问卷共计52个题目,量表含有总体、成分和维度三个水平。总体下分认知成分和情感成分两个亚成分,两个亚成分下又细分八个维度。具体如下:认知成分下设5个维度(家庭生活、同伴交往、学校生活、生活环境、自我认识),情感成分下设3个维度(抑郁体验、焦虑体验、躯体情感)。该问卷内部一致性信度为0.884,分半信度为0.899,重测信度为0.796,具有良好的信度、效度和敏感性,其量表研究发现矮小症患儿主观生活质量(HRQOL)较身高正常少儿降低;2008年卢奕云 [8] 等人对儿童生存质量测定量表PedsQL4.0中文版进行了研究,结果提示PedsQL4.0自评问卷生理健康方面、情感方面、社会功能方面、角色功能方面的a系数介于0.74~0.82,a信度系数均超过0.7,具有良好的信度。非范拟合指数为0.88,拟合指数为0.90,具有较好的结构效度,即量表的结构与原量表构造基本一致,可以应用于中国儿童生存质量(HRQOL)的研究,该问卷是目前中国国内使用较多、反映效果较好的评定儿童生活质量(HRQOL)的问卷量表。
张 咪,王宽锋,刘世平. 矮小儿童的生活质量及其影响因素Quality of Life of Short Children and Its Influencing Factors[J]. 临床医学进展, 2022, 12(08): 7958-7963. https://doi.org/10.12677/ACM.2022.1281146
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