目的:分析孕期妇女生殖道B族链球菌(GBS)的感染情况。方法:选取2021年01月至2021年12月于我院产科门诊就诊的1147例孕期妇女作为研究对象,检测其阴道拭子标本中GBS感染情况,并分析GBS对围产期孕妇的影响。结果:1144例标本中检出GBS阳性41例,检出率为:3.58%。其中,27例妊娠中期妇女(13~27周)标本中检出3例GBS阳性,检出率为11.11%,高于例妊娠晚期妇女(28~41周)标本中GBS阳性的检出率为3.40% (38/1117),存在显著差异(P < 0.05);通过对不同年龄组孕期妇女阴道分泌物样本中GBS感染率比较,发现>40岁(9.09%)的检出率最高,明显高于≤25岁(3.80%)、26~30岁(2.70%)、31~35 (3.92%)和36~40岁(3.72%),且26~30岁组的检出率最低。结论:不同妊娠期、不同年龄组间B族链球菌的带菌率存在一定的差异,但由于GBS感染阳性会诱发早产、胎膜早破、孕妇产褥感染等,甚至会对新生儿的健康造成影响,临床应加强对妊娠晚期妇女GBS检测,对GBS阳性的孕期妇女采取有效措施进行干预治疗。 Objective: To analyze the infection of group B streptococcus (GBS) in reproductive tract of pregnant women. Methods: From January 2021 to December 2021, a total of 1147 pregnant women were se-lected as study subjects, GBS from vaginal discharge was detected, and the impact on pregnancy outcome was analyzed. Results: In the 1147cases, 48 cases were GBS positive, the GBS positive rate was 3.58%, and 3 cases were GBS positive among the second trimester (13 to 27 weeks), with a pos-itive rate was 11.11%, which was higher than that of women of in the third trimester (28 to 41 weeks) with a positive rate was 3.40% (38/1117), with significant differences (P < 0.05). The posi-tive rate of GBS in vaginal secretions samples of pregnant women that the age >40 group (9.09%) was the highest in different age groups, which was significantly higher than that ≤ 25 (3.80%), 26~30 (2.70%), 31~35 (3.92%) and 36~40 (3.72%), the detection rate was the lowest in the 26~30 age group. Conclusions: The GBS carrier rates were certain differences in different gestation and age group. But GBS infection positive can cause premature delivery, premature rupture of membranes, puerperal infection of pregnant women, and even affect the health of newborns. So the GBS detec-tion in the late pregnancy is necessary, and effective treatment measures should be taken to treat GBS positive pregnant women.
目的:分析孕期妇女生殖道B族链球菌(GBS)的感染情况。方法:选取2021年01月至2021年12月于我院产科门诊就诊的1147例孕期妇女作为研究对象,检测其阴道拭子标本中GBS感染情况,并分析GBS对围产期孕妇的影响。结果:1144例标本中检出GBS阳性41例,检出率为:3.58%。其中,27例妊娠中期妇女(13~27周)标本中检出3例GBS阳性,检出率为11.11%,高于例妊娠晚期妇女(28~41周)标本中GBS阳性的检出率为3.40% (38/1117),存在显著差异(P < 0.05);通过对不同年龄组孕期妇女阴道分泌物样本中GBS感染率比较,发现>40岁(9.09%)的检出率最高,明显高于≤25岁(3.80%)、26~30岁(2.70%)、31~35 (3.92%)和36~40岁(3.72%),且26~30岁组的检出率最低。结论:不同妊娠期、不同年龄组间B族链球菌的带菌率存在一定的差异,但由于GBS感染阳性会诱发早产、胎膜早破、孕妇产褥感染等,甚至会对新生儿的健康造成影响,临床应加强对妊娠晚期妇女GBS检测,对GBS阳性的孕期妇女采取有效措施进行干预治疗。
孕期妇女,B族链球菌,阳性感染率
Hailian Qin, Yan Chen, Aizhen Jiang*
Clinical Laboratory, The 924th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese PLA, Guilin Guangxi
Received: Feb. 1st, 2023; accepted: Mar. 10th, 2023; published: Mar. 16th, 2023
Objective: To analyze the infection of group B streptococcus (GBS) in reproductive tract of pregnant women. Methods: From January 2021 to December 2021, a total of 1147 pregnant women were selected as study subjects, GBS from vaginal discharge was detected, and the impact on pregnancy outcome was analyzed. Results: In the 1147cases, 48 cases were GBS positive, the GBS positive rate was 3.58%, and 3 cases were GBS positive among the second trimester (13 to 27 weeks), with a positive rate was 11.11%, which was higher than that of women of in the third trimester (28 to 41 weeks) with a positive rate was 3.40% (38/1117), with significant differences (P < 0.05). The positive rate of GBS in vaginal secretions samples of pregnant women that the age >40 group (9.09%) was the highest in different age groups, which was significantly higher than that ≤ 25 (3.80%), 26~30 (2.70%), 31~35 (3.92%) and 36~40 (3.72%), the detection rate was the lowest in the 26~30 age group. Conclusions: The GBS carrier rates were certain differences in different gestation and age group. But GBS infection positive can cause premature delivery, premature rupture of membranes, puerperal infection of pregnant women, and even affect the health of newborns. So the GBS detection in the late pregnancy is necessary, and effective treatment measures should be taken to treat GBS positive pregnant women.
Keywords:Pregnant Women, Group B Streptococcus, The GBS Positive Rate
Copyright © 2023 by author(s) and Hans Publishers Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY 4.0).
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
B族链球菌(group B streptococcus, GBS),又称为无乳链球菌(streptococcus agalactiae),是一种主要寄居于下消化道和泌尿生殖道的兼性厌氧的革兰阳性球菌,属于条件致病菌 [
选取2021年1月至2021年12月于广西桂林市联勤保障部队第924医院产科门诊进行产前检查及住院分娩的1144例孕期妇女为研究对象,孕期妇女年龄为18~51岁,年龄均值为31.65 ± 4.37岁;孕周为13~42周,平均35.36 ± 2.35周;并对所有研究对象的阴道分泌物拭子进行B族链球菌检测。所有研究对象均签署知情同意书。
本研究使用的试剂由广州市微米生物科技有限公司生产的B族链球菌检测试剂。
首先用无菌拭子拭去阴道内过多的分泌物,然后采用无菌拭子插入阴道1/3处沿阴道壁轻轻旋转一下即可取得阴道分泌物,最后将采集好的拭子放置于无菌管中密封,及时送检。
待测样本最好即送即检,放置于室温条件下不能超过半个小时,置于2~8℃冰箱中不超过24 h,−18℃以下不超过3 d。
B族链球菌检测是采用胶体金免疫层析法(双抗体夹心法)的原理,采用由广州市微米生物科技有限公司生产的B族链球菌检测试剂,通过乳胶法进行测试,操作步骤严格按照操作说明书进行。
采用SPSS21.0统计软件进行数据统计分析,计量资料以均数 ± 标准差表示,两组之间比较采用t检验,计数资料比较采用x2检验,以P < 0.05为差异具有统计学意义。
1144例妊娠期妇女采集的阴道分泌物样本中,共检出GBS阳性41例(3.58%),其中,27例妊娠中期妇女样本中检出GBS阳性3例(11.11%);1117例妊娠晚期妇女样本中检出GBS阳性38例(3.40%)。妊娠中期妇女分泌物拭子样本中GBS阳性率高于妊娠晚期妇女分泌物拭子样本,差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。
本研究根据妊娠期妇女年龄不同,将其分成≤25、26~30、31~35、36~40、>40岁5个不同年龄组,其中≤25岁共有样本79例,GBS阳性有3例,阳性检出率为3.80%;26~30岁共有样本370例,GBS阳性有10例,阳性检出率为2.70%;31~35岁共有样本485例,GBS阳性有19例,阳性检出率为3.92%;36~40岁共有样本188例,GBS阳性有7例,阳性检出率为3.72%;>40岁有22例样本,GBS阳性有2例,阳性检出率为9.09%;不同年龄组妊娠妇女阴道分泌物样本中GBS阳性率比较,差异没有统计学意义(x2 = 2.94, P = 0.568)。
B族链球菌是一种寄生于直肠和阴道的条件致病菌,一般情况下,正常健康女性感染后没有明显的临床症状,但当人体免疫下降或阴道微环境发生改变引起菌群失衡时,阴道内的B族链球菌便会大量繁殖导致发生机会感染 [
本文通过研究分析发现,1144例孕期妇女阴道分泌物标本中,检测出41例孕期妇女B族链球菌结果阳性,B族链球菌检出阳性率为3.58%,其阳性率与南京地区(4.16%) [
本文通过对不同年龄组孕期妇女生殖道B族链球菌检测结果进行对比发现,>40岁年龄组GBS阳性率最高(9.09%),远高于其他各年龄组,而26~30岁年龄组GBS阳性率最小(2.70%),虽然不同年龄组孕期妇女阴道分泌物样本中GBS阳性率的差异没有统计学意义(x2 = 2.94, P = 0.568),但从数据分析显示桂林地区妊娠期妇女GBS的感染情况可能与年龄结构存在相关性。随着经济的发展以及国家“二孩、三孩”政策开放以后,30~40岁生育的女性明显上升,40岁以后生育的女性也有所提升,并且>40岁女性的GBS阳性率最高,其次为31~35岁的女性,因此,临床应更加重视对孕期妇女阴道分泌物中GBS的检测,做到早发现早治疗。
综上所述,本研究通过对本地区妊娠期妇女阴道分泌物中GBS感染情况进行分析,为临床诊断、治疗及预后提供一定的参考依据,做到及时发现及时进行干预治疗,尽可能地降低产妇及新生儿的感染风险。
覃海莲,陈燕,蒋爱珍. 孕期女性B族链球菌感染情况分析Analyze of Group B Streptococcus Infection in Pregnant Women[J]. 医学诊断, 2023, 13(01): 64-68. https://doi.org/10.12677/MD.2023.131012